The correct option is d. She needs $3,275.24 to deposit into that account each quarter to reach her goal.
The future value (FV) of her investment, P (deposit to the account) can be determined using the following formula: FV = P(1 + r/n)^(nt) Where off = Future Value P = Principal or deposit r = annual interest rate (as a decimal) n = number of times interest is compounded per year t = time (in years).
Therefore, in this case: r = 2.75% per Annum = 4 (quarterly compounding) t = 2 years Putting these values in the formula: FV = P(1 + r/n) ^(nt)
FV = P(1 + 0.0275/4) ^(4*2) FV = 1.006875) ^8
FV = 1.05722843681) FV = 1.0572P
For the given problem, the objective is to determine the amount of deposit required to reach $25,000 in two years. Therefore, we have: FV = $25,000 and t = 2 years.
Therefore, the formula becomes:
$25,000 = P (1.0572)
1.0572P = $25,000P = $25,000/1.0572
P = $23,626.43
Thus, Althea needs to deposit $23,626.43 into the account each quarter to reach her goal. Hence, the correct option is d. $3,275.24.
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which point in time would you address this with the employee? I have found some companies speak to this during reviews, some gauge during the interview process, even some set up plans during new hire orientation or on-boarding. Would you look to know what a person's long-term goals are before hiring?
It is better to know what a person's long-term career goals are before hiring. This helps you to determine whether or not the person will be committed to the company in the long run.
It is best to address this point during the interview process because it gives you the opportunity to ask potential employees about their career goals, what they hope to achieve in the future, and their plans for personal growth.
This will help you to determine whether or not the candidate will be a good fit for the company in the long term.
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Suppose for a firm: Pension Plan assets on 1 Jan 2021: $4 million Contributions to Pension Plan: $2 million Actual return on Pension Plan: $3 million Benefits paid to Employees: $2.5 million What are Plan Assets on 31 December 2021? Select one: O a. $7.5 million Ob. $4.5 million Oc. $3.5 million Od. None of these answers Oe. $6.5 million
The calculation of Plan assets on 31 December 2021 can be found by using the formula; Pension Plan assets at end of period = Plan assets at beginning of period + Contributions – Benefits paid + Actual return on Plan assets. Answer: Oe. $6.5 million.
Substituting the given values in the formula;
Pension Plan assets at end of period = 4 + 2 – 2.5 + 3 = 6.5 million.
Therefore, the Plan Assets on 31 December 2021 is $6.5 million.
Answer: Oe. $6.5 million.
A pension plan, also known as a retirement plan, is a financial arrangement that provides income to individuals during their retirement years. It is designed to ensure that individuals have a source of income after they stop working. Pension plans are typically offered by employers or government entities as a form of employee benefit.
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The variance report showing planned versus actual expenditures is an example of Select one: O a. Tax accounting O b. Managerial accounting O c. Financial accounting O d. None of the above
The variance report showing planned versus actual expenditures is an example of managerial accounting. Managerial accounting is the process of collecting, analyzing, and presenting financial data in a way that helps managers make informed decisions.
This information is used to set budgets, create forecasts, measure performance, and identify opportunities to improve efficiency or profitability. Managerial accounting is an essential tool for businesses of all sizes and industries, as it provides the financial information that managers need to run their organizations effectively.Variance reportVariance is the difference between the planned or budgeted amount and the actual amount of an item.
A variance report is a summary of the differences between the actual results of a business and the planned or budgeted results for a period of time. The report is used to identify the reasons for the differences between the actual and budgeted amounts and to provide recommendations for corrective action.Planned versus actual expendituresThe variance report showing planned versus actual expenditures compares the planned or budgeted expenditures with the actual expenditures for a period of time. It highlights the differences between the planned and actual expenditures and provides recommendations for corrective action. This report is an essential tool for managers to monitor the financial performance of their organizations and to take corrective action if needed.In conclusion, the variance report showing planned versus actual expenditures is an example of managerial accounting.
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Select a beachhead market with example in Entrepreneurship.
Beachhead market is a strategic location or a target market that is small and manageable for a company to enter and establish itself before expanding its reach to other larger markets. The term “beachhead” refers to the first territory captured by the invading military force, and in entrepreneurship.
It is used to refer to a small market that an entrepreneur enters with the intention of gaining a foothold and then expanding gradually.
Example:
An excellent example of a beachhead market is the success story of Airbnb. Airbnb started by identifying a small beachhead market, the market that consisted of a few thousand people who were attending an industrial design conference in San Francisco in 2007.
Three designers, Joe Gebbia, Brian Chesky, and Nathan Blecharczyk, realized that all hotels in San Francisco were fully booked for the event. They decided to open up their loft as a bed-and-breakfast (B&B) for conference attendees, providing homemade breakfasts and guided city tours. The idea was a hit, and the demand for their B&B service increased. The founders knew that they had identified a potential beachhead market, and from there, they went on to establish Airbnb as a successful and global business.
They gradually expanded their services to other locations and started partnering with local homeowners to list their homes and apartments as rental spaces for travelers. They have now become a successful and established brand, with millions of users worldwide.
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Swissie Triangular Arbitrage. The following exchange rates are available to you. (You can buy or sell at the stated rates.) Assume you have an initial SF 12,200,000. Can you make a profit via triangular arbitrage? If so, show the steps and calculate the amount of profit in Swiss francs (Swissies). Mt. Fuji Bank Mt. Rushmore Bank ¥92.28 = $1.00 SF 1.03 $1.00 ¥88.69 SF1.00 Mt. Blanc Bank C Calculate the first arbitrage opportunity attempt below: (Round to the nearest cent.) Attempt Number 1: Start with SF to $ Step 1: SF to $ Attempt Number 1: Start with SF to $ Step 1: SF to $ Step 2: $ to yen Step 3: yen to SF SF Profit or Loss SF This attempt ends in a loss. The second arbitrage opportunity attempt is calculated below: Attempt Number 2: Start with SF to yen Step 1: SF to yen Step 2: yen to $ Step 3: $ to SF Profit or Loss This attempt ends in a profit. GA * 69 SF SF
Yes, it is possible to make a profit through triangular arbitrage, using the given exchange rates. Let's see how:Given Exchange Rates: Mt. Fuji Bank: ¥92.28 = $1.00Mt. Rushmore Bank: SF 1.03 $1.00, ¥88.69Mt. Blanc Bank: SF1.00 GA * 69 SFWe have to find out whether we can make a profit via triangular arbitrage or not.
Triangular arbitrage takes advantage of pricing inconsistencies in the foreign exchange market.The arbitrageur first converts one currency into another at an exchange rate that is not in line with the other two currencies' exchange rates. A second conversion is then carried out, using the second currency and the third currency. Finally, the third currency is converted back to the original currency using the exchange rates that are already in place.
We'll begin with SF 12,200,000 and see if we can take advantage of pricing inconsistencies in the foreign exchange market and make a profit by triangular arbitrage.Attempt 1: Start with SF to $
Step 1: SF to $SF 12,200,000 × $1.00 / SF 1.03 = $11,796,116.50
Step 2: $ to yen$11,796,116.50 × ¥88.69/$1.00 = ¥1,046,101,694.10
Step 3: yen to SF.
From the above step, we have the yen.
Now we can convert these yen back into SF at Mt. Fuji Bank's exchange rate.
Yen 1,046,101,694.10 × SF 1.00 / ¥92.28 = SF 11,346,563.39
This attempt ends in a loss, as we get only SF 11,346,563.39, which is less than the initial SF 12,200,000. Therefore, attempt 1 is unsuccessful.Attempt 2: Start with SF to yenStep 1: SF to yenSF 12,200,000 × ¥92.28 / $1.00 = ¥1,127,049,600Step 2: yen to $¥1,127,049,600 × $1.00 / ¥88.69 = $12,708,478.22Step 3: $ to SF
From the above step, we have dollars.
Now we can convert these dollars back into SF at Mt. Rushmore Bank's exchange rate.$12,708,478.22 × SF 1.03 / $1.00 = SF 13,096,414.83Therefore, we earn SF 13,096,414.83 – SF 12,200,000 = SF 896,414.83. This attempt ends in a profit. Therefore, attempt 2 is successful.The amount of profit in Swiss francs (Swissies) is SF 896,414.83.
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Lamar & Co Company makes and sells two types of shoes, Plain and Fancy. Data concerning these products are as follows:
Plain Fancy
Unit selling price $20.00 $35.00
Variable cost per unit 12.00 24.50
40% of the unit sales are Plain, and annual fixed expenses are $47,500.
The weighted-average unit contribution margin is:
A.
$17.00
B.
$9.50
C.
$9.00
D.
$9.25
The weighted-average unit contribution margin of Lamar & Co Company is $9.25.
What is weighted-average unit contribution margin?
The weighted-average unit contribution margin is the overall contribution margin, divided by the total number of units. The contribution margin is the revenue minus the variable costs that are associated with the production of goods or services.
Solution:
Given that 40% of the unit sales are Plain, the remaining 60% will be Fancy. The unit selling price and variable cost per unit for Plain are $20.00 and $12.00, respectively, while those for Fancy are $35.00 and $24.50, respectively.
The total contribution margin for Plain is:
CMPlain = $20.00 - $12.00 = $8.00
And the total contribution margin for Fancy is:
CMFancy = $35.00 - $24.50 = $10.50
Now let's calculate the weighted-average contribution margin per unit as follows:
Weighted-average CM = ((40/100) x $8.00) + ((60/100) x $10.50) = $3.2 + $6.3 = $9.5
Therefore, the weighted-average unit contribution margin is $9.50.
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Please show the debits and credits for the following 11 events using T accounts Common Business Events 1. Sold capital stock for $15,000 to three investors. 2. Purchased $55,000 of product raw material on account from suppliers. 3. Sold products for $40,000 cash that had cost $29,000 to make. 4. Borrowed $30,000 from the bank, due in 120 days, with an interest rate of 6%. 5. Collected a $4,500 account receivable from a veterinarian customer. 6. Bought a used pickup truck for $8,000 cash. 7. Disbursed cash dividends of $1,500 to owners. 8. Paid a $2,500 account payable owed to a supplier. 9. Recognized $3,500 annual depreciation on a small warehouse the company owned. 10. Sold an old shed no longer needed that had a recorded cost of $14,000 for $17,500 cash 11. Accrued 90 days of interest on the bank loan.
To show the debits and credits for the given events, I will create T accounts for the relevant accounts involved. Here are the debits and credits for each event:
Sold capital stock for $15,000 to three investors.
Debit: Cash $15,000
Credit: Common Stock $15,000
Purchased $55,000 of product raw material on account from suppliers.
Debit: Raw Material Inventory $55,000
Credit: Accounts Payable $55,000
Sold products for $40,000 cash that had cost $29,000 to make.
Debit: Cost of Goods Sold $29,000
Credit: Sales Revenue $40,000
Credit: Inventory $29,000
Borrowed $30,000 from the bank, due in 120 days, with an interest rate of 6%.
Debit: Cash $30,000
Credit: Notes Payable $30,000
Collected a $4,500 account receivable from a veterinarian customer.
Debit: Cash $4,500
Credit: Accounts Receivable $4,500
Bought a used pickup truck for $8,000 cash.
Debit: Equipment $8,000
Credit: Cash $8,000
Disbursed cash dividends of $1,500 to owners.
Debit: Retained Earnings $1,500
Credit: Dividends $1,500
Paid a $2,500 account payable owed to a supplier.
Debit: Accounts Payable $2,500
Credit: Cash $2,500
Recognized $3,500 annual depreciation on a small warehouse the company owned.
Debit: Depreciation Expense $3,500
Credit: Accumulated Depreciation $3,500
Sold an old shed no longer needed that had a recorded cost of $14,000 for $17,500 cash.
Debit: Cash $17,500
Credit: Accumulated Depreciation $14,000
Credit: Gain on Sale of Shed $3,500
Accrued 90 days of interest on the bank loan.
Debit: Interest Expense $450
Credit: Interest Payable $450
These entries record the transactions and their corresponding debits and credits for each event. Please note that the accounts used may vary depending on the company's specific chart of accounts and accounting practices.
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Which of the following statements is correct, in developing assumptions to be used in a DCF It is important to disclose where the firm's revenues are segmented geographically How the firm's revenues are segmented geographically is irrelevant It important to know the name of the firm's auditors None of the above
In developing assumptions to be used in a Discounted Cash Flow (DCF), it is important to disclose where the firm's revenues are segmented geographically. So, option a is correct.
Therefore, the correct statement among the given options is "In developing assumptions to be used in a DCF, it is important to disclose where the firm's revenues are segmented geographically.
"DCF stands for discounted cash flow, which is a valuation technique that determines the present value of an investment's future cash flows. The technique is frequently utilized in corporate finance and private equity valuations. In order to build assumptions for the DCF, the analyst must have access to and understand the firm's financial statements.
This includes a comprehensive understanding of the company's revenues, expenditures, assets, and liabilities. The analyst may use this information to predict future cash flows and determine an appropriate discount rate. One critical aspect that must be known is how the company's revenues are segmented geographically. So, option a is correct.
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Complete question:
Which of the following statements is correct, in developing assumptions to be used in a DCF
It is important to disclose where the firm's revenues are segmented geographically
How the firm's revenues are segmented geographically is irrelevant It important to know the name of the firm's auditors
None of the above
Closing of the Newbury College:
What factors does the author outline that could have potentially prevented the liquidation of Newbury College?
Newbury College was a private institution that offered associate and bachelor’s degrees to its students. Despite being a prestigious college, it was closed in 2019 due to financial difficulties.
The author has mentioned several factors that could have potentially prevented the liquidation of Newbury College.In order to prevent the closure of the college, the author has suggested that the college administration should have developed more partnerships with local businesses and corporations.
This would have helped the college to generate more revenue and attract more students. Furthermore, the author suggested that the college should have had a more diversified academic curriculum to attract a broader range of students.The author also highlighted that the college should have increased its marketing budget to attract more students and raise its profile.
They also suggested that the college should have more student recruitment offices to increase the number of students enrolled. The author also suggested that the college should have established a strong endowment program and fundraisers to support the college in the long term.In addition, the author proposed that the college should have taken a more strategic approach towards managing its finances.
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Magic Realm, Incorporated, has developed a new fantasy board game. The company sold 55,800 games last year at a selling price of $69 per game. Fixed expenses associated with the game total $1,023,000 per year, and variable expenses are $49 per game. Production of the game is entrusted to a printing contractor. Variable expenses consist mostly of payments to this contractor. Required: 1-a. Prepare a contribution format income statement for the game last year. 1-b. Compute the degree of operating leverage. 2. Management is confident that the company can sell 68,076 games next year (an increase of 12,276 games, or 22%, over last year). Given this assumption: a. What is the expected percentage increase in net operating income for next year? b. What is the expected amount of net operating income for next year? (Do not prepare an income statement; use the degree of operating leverage to compute your answer.)
The expected net operating income for next year is $333,847.60, representing a significant increase from the previous year.
1-a. Contribution Format Income Statement for Last Year:
Sales revenue (55,800 games * $69) $3,851,200
Variable expenses (55,800 games * $49) ($2,737,200)
Contribution margin $1,114,000
Fixed expenses ($1,023,000)
Net operating income $91,000
1-b. Degree of Operating Leverage:
The degree of Operating Leverage (DOL) can be calculated using the following formula:
DOL = Contribution margin / Net operating income
DOL = $1,114,000 / $91,000
DOL = 12.24
Expected Increase in Net Operating Income for Next Year:
Given that the company expects to sell 68,076 games next year, an increase of 12,276 games or 22% over last year, we can use the degree of operating leverage to estimate the percentage increase in net operating income.
Expected percentage increase in net operating income = Degree of Operating Leverage * Percentage increase in sales
Expected percentage increase in net operating income = 12.24 * 22%
Expected percentage increase in net operating income = 269.28%
b. Expected Net Operating Income for Next Year:
To calculate the expected net operating income for next year, we can use the percentage increase in net operating income and apply it to the previous year's net operating income.
Expected net operating income = Net operating income (last year) + (Net operating income (last year) * Expected percentage increase in net operating income)
Expected net operating income = $91,000 + ($91,000 * 269.28%)
Expected net operating income = $333,847.60
Therefore, the expected net operating income for next year is $333,847.60.
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Suppose that M. As a Ay option on February 13, 2010 to BUY 100 stocks of ABC company from Mr. Bin December 2010 at price $50. Mr. B paid $0.7 as option poce per share to M. A. The option is exercisable anytime until maturity. The prices of the underlying stock are $45 and $48 in September 2010 and it maturity respectively. Using the above information in the following blanks.
What kind of option is it?
In September, the option is in-the-money, at-the-money or out-of-the-money? What will be the spot price of the option it is out-of the money in November 2010?
The long position holder in the option is Mr.?
What will be total pay off from the option in September 2010?
The kind of option is a call option. The total payoff from the option in September 2010 is $0.
Based on the given information, an option is a call option as it allows M. A. to buy 100 stocks of ABC company from Mr. B at a price of $50 in December 2010. The option has a premium of $0.7 per share paid by Mr. B to M. A. The option can be exercised anytime until maturity.
In September 2010, with the underlying stock prices at $45, the option is out-of-the-money as the strike price of $50 is higher than the spot price. Therefore, the option has no intrinsic value and the spot price of the option is $0.
The long position holder in the option is Mr. A, who has the right to exercise the option and buy the stocks at the agreed price.
In September 2010, the total payoff from the option would be $0 as it is out-of-the-money and has no intrinsic value. The option holder would not exercise the option in this scenario
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An examiner investigates and reports the results of a bankruptcy fraud investigation to the court. Which of the following is NOT included in his or her duties unless he or she is court appointed?
Operate a business
Subpoena records
Make business decisions
Propose reorganization plans
An examiner is not allowed to perform any of the above
Bookkeeping services
An examiner investigates and reports the results of a bankruptcy fraud investigation to the court. "Making business decisions" is NOT included in his or her duties unless he or she is court appointed.
An examiner is a person appointed by the bankruptcy court to investigate the financial condition of the debtor and to ensure that the debtor complies with the applicable laws and procedures. The examiner's responsibilities include investigating the debtor's financial condition, analyzing its business operations, reviewing the debtor's books and records, and reporting the results of the investigation to the bankruptcy court.
Apart from these responsibilities, the examiner is not allowed to make business decisions or operate a business. The examiner's role is to report the facts and circumstances of the debtor's financial condition to the bankruptcy court. Additionally, the examiner is not allowed to perform any bookkeeping services unless ordered by the bankruptcy court to do so.
So, the examiner's responsibilities include investigating the debtor's financial condition, analyzing its business operations, reviewing the debtor's books and records, and reporting the results of the investigation to the bankruptcy court. Making business decisions is NOT included in his or her duties unless he or she is court-appointed.
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It is election day and 3600 voters vote in their precinct's library during the 10 hours the polls are open. On average, there are 30 voters in the library and they spend on average 5 minutes in the library to complete their voting. The flow rate is voters per minute (round to the nearest integer)
The flow rate of voters per minute is 6 voters per minute entering the library to vote.
The percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election is known as the voter turnout rate. To find the flow rate of voters per minute we need to divide the total number of voters by the total time.
Given data:
The during of polls = 10
The total time the polls are open = 10 hours × 60 minutes/hour
= 600 minutes.
The total number of voters = 3600
Substuting the values in the formula we get:
The flow rate of voters per minute = the total number of voters / the total time.
= 3600 / 600 minutes
= 6 voters per minute.
Therefore, there are 6 voters per minute entering the library to vote.
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The flow rate of voters per minute in the library during the election is 30 voters per minute.
To calculate the flow rate of voters per minute, you can follow these steps:
Determine the total time available for voting: In this case, the polls are open for 10 hours, which is equivalent to 600 minutes.
Calculate the total number of voters who voted: The total number of voters is given as 3600.
Calculate the average time each voter spends in the library: The average time per voter is given as 5 minutes.
Calculate the average number of voters present in the library: The average number of voters is given as 30.
Calculate the total time spent by voters in the library: Multiply the average time per voter (5 minutes) by the total number of voters (3600).
Total time spent = 5 minutes/voter * 3600 voters = 18,000 minutes
Calculate the total number of voting slots available in the library: Divide the total time available (600 minutes) by the average time per voter (5 minutes).
Total voting slots = 600 minutes / 5 minutes/voter = 120 slots
Calculate the flow rate of voters per minute: Divide the total number of voters (3600) by the total voting slots available (120).
Flow rate = 3600 voters / 120 slots = 30 voters per minute
The flow rate of voters per minute in the library during the election is 30 voters per minute.
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During a software project Earned Value Analysis is performed and gives the following results: EV: 543,000, PV. 623,000, AC: 643,000. Which results are correct?During a sotware project Earned Value Analysis is pertormed and gives the following results, EV, 543,000, PV: 623.000, A. . 643,000 . Which resuts are cortect CV+120,000,SV+100,000
CV+100,000,SV+120,000
CV=100,000=SV+120,000
CV=120,000,SV−100,000
The correct results from the given Earned Value Analysis during a software project are: EV = 543,000PV = 623,000AC = 643,000
EV stands for earned value analysis. It is the budgeted cost of the work completed. Here, the EV is 543,000. It means the project has earned 543,000 according to the project's budget.PV: PV stands for Planned Value. It is the budgeted cost of the work scheduled. Here, the PV is 623,000. It means the budgeted cost of the project at this point in time is 623,000.AC: AC stands for Actual Cost. It is the cost incurred in completing the work. Here, the AC is 643,000. It means the actual cost incurred in completing the work is 643,000.Therefore, the correct results are EV = 543,000, PV = 623,000, AC = 643,000.
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What do you mean by Service marketing? As the marketing manager of "Trip freak", a travel and tourism company
Service marketing is the marketing of service rather than products, particularly in service sector industries, such as travel and tourism, hospitality, education, healthcare, financial services, and telecommunications.
In essence, it refers to the processes and strategies used by service businesses to promote their offerings, build brand image, create customer loyalty, and generate revenue. As the marketing manager of "Trip freak", a travel and tourism company, it's your responsibility to develop effective service marketing strategies that will help you attract and retain customers, enhance customer satisfaction, and maximize profitability.
Finally, you'll need to measure and track your marketing performance using metrics such as customer acquisition cost, customer lifetime value, and customer satisfaction. By continually refining your service marketing strategies based on these metrics, you can improve your results over time and build a sustainable competitive advantage.
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Suppose a country has 3523 of Labor and its ppf is given by
193*Qc+272*Qw<=L. Suppose the price of wine is 27, what is the
price of cheese?
The estimated price of cheese in the given country is approximately 38.097 units of currency.
To determine the price of cheese, we need to consider the production possibilities frontier (PPF) and the given equation that represents the constraint on labor (L).
The PPF equation, 193Qc + 272Qw <= L, represents the maximum combination of cheese (Qc) and wine (Qw) that can be produced with the available labor (L). The coefficients 193 and 272 represent the labor requirements for producing one unit of cheese and wine, respectively.
To find the price of cheese, we can use the concept of opportunity cost. The opportunity cost of producing one unit of cheese is the amount of wine that must be given up. In other words, it is the ratio of the coefficient of wine (272) to the coefficient of cheese (193).
Opportunity cost of cheese = 272/193 ≈ 1.411
Since the price of wine is given as 27, we can calculate the price of cheese by multiplying the price of wine by the opportunity cost:
Price of cheese = 27 * 1.411 ≈ 38.097
Therefore, the estimated price of cheese is approximately 38.097 units of currency in the given country.
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You have been asked by the financial vice president to develop a short presentation on the
lower-of-cost or market method for inventory purposes. The financial VP needs to explain
this method to the president because it appears that a portion of the company's inventory
has declined in value. The financial VP asks you to answer the following questions.
(i) What is the purpose of the lower-of-cost-or-market method?
(ii) What is meant by "net realizable value"?
(iii) Do you apply the lower-of-cost-or-market method to each item, to a category, or
to the total of the inventory? Explain.
(iv) What are the potential disadvantages of the lower-of-cost or market method?
(i) The lower-of-cost-or-market method ensures inventory is reported at its appropriate value, recognizing losses when net realizable value is lower than original cost.
(ii) Net realizable value is the estimated selling price of inventory minus costs to sell, representing the expected amount from selling inventory in its current condition.
(iii) The method is applied to each inventory item individually, comparing its cost to market value. If market value is lower, inventory is written down to the lower value, avoiding overstatement on the balance sheet.
(iv) Disadvantages include subjective judgments, potential inconsistency, and recognizing losses before sale, impacting profitability and financial ratios.
(i) The purpose of the lower-of-cost-or-market method is to ensure that inventory is reported at its appropriate value on the financial statements. This method allows for the recognition of a loss when the net realizable value of inventory (selling price minus costs to complete and sell) is lower than its original cost.
(ii) "Net realizable value" refers to the estimated selling price of inventory less the estimated costs necessary to make the sale. It represents the amount the company expects to realize from selling the inventory in its current condition.
(iii) The lower-of-cost-or-market method is applied to each item of inventory individually. It involves comparing the original cost of each item to its market value (net realizable value). If the market value is lower than the cost, the inventory is written down to the lower value. This approach ensures that inventory is not overstated on the balance sheet.
(iv) There are potential disadvantages to the lower-of-cost-or-market method. Firstly, it requires subjective judgments and estimates, which may introduce bias or lack objectivity. Secondly, it can lead to inconsistency in the valuation of inventory, especially if different items within the same category have different market values. Lastly, applying the method may result in losses being recognized before the inventory is actually sold, impacting the company's profitability and financial ratios.
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Harrison Ford makes handcrafted Star Wars Action figures, which he sells at Comic Conventions. He is considering mass producing the dolls to sell in stores (because I mean hey…he is Harrison Ford). He estimates that the initial investment for plant and equipment will be $25,000, whereas labor, material, packaging, and shipping will be about $10 per action figure.
A. If the action figures are sold for $30 each, what sales volume is necessary for Mr. Ford to break even?
B. Mr. Ford has determined that $10,000 worth of advertising will increase sales volume by 400 action figures. Should he spend the extra amount for advertising?
a) Mr. Ford would need to sell at least 1,250 action figures to break even.
b) It would be beneficial for Mr. Ford to spend the extra amount on advertising as it would result in a net gain of $2,000.
A. To calculate the sales volume necessary for Mr. Ford to break even, we need to consider the fixed costs and the variable costs per unit.
Fixed costs (initial investment) = $25,000
Variable costs per unit = $10
Selling price per unit = $30
To break even, the total revenue from sales should cover the fixed costs and variable costs. Let's calculate:
Break-even sales volume = Fixed costs / (Selling price per unit - Variable costs per unit)
Break-even sales volume = $25,000 / ($30 - $10)
Break-even sales volume = $25,000 / $20
Break-even sales volume = 1250 action figures
Therefore, Mr. Ford would need to sell at least 1,250 action figures to break even.
B. To determine if Mr. Ford should spend the extra $10,000 on advertising, we need to compare the additional revenue generated from the increased sales volume to the cost of advertising.
Increase in sales volume = 400 action figures
Increase in revenue = Increase in sales volume * Selling price per unit
Increase in revenue = 400 * $30 = $12,000
The increase in revenue from advertising is $12,000. Since the cost of advertising is $10,000, Mr. Ford would have a net gain of $2,000 ($12,000 - $10,000) if he spends the extra amount.
Based on this analysis, it would be beneficial for Mr. Ford to spend the extra amount on advertising as it would result in a net gain of $2,000.
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what are sourcing consequences of limited compliance with the ordering process? (pick all that apply) invoices without purchasing order reduced spend visibility making it hard to set and implement good sourcing strategy contracts not being used question 8 developing a decision matrix happens in which process? strategic sourhting ordering cycle supplier
Question: What Are Sourcing Consequences Of Limited Compliance With The Ordering Process? (Pick All That Apply) Invoices Without Purchasing Order Reduced Spend Visibility Making It Hard To Set And Implement Good Sourcing Strategy Contracts Not Being Used QUESTION 8 Developing A Decision Matrix Happens In Which Process? Strategic Sourhting Ordering Cycle Supplier

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What are sourcing consequences of limited compliance with the ordering process? (pick all that apply) Invoices without purchasing order Reduced spend visibility making it hard to set and implement good sourcing strategy Contracts not being used QUESTION 8 Developing a decision matrix happens in which process? Strategic sourhting Ordering cycle Supplier relationship management QUESTION 9 It is important to analyze existing spend because (select all that apply) It shows us what business needs are It informs us about current buying It enables us to gage the size of improvement opportunities
The consequences of limited compliance with the ordering process are Invoices without purchasing order, Reduced spend visibility making it hard to set and implement good sourcing strategy, and Contracts not being used.
Analyzing existing spend is important because it shows us what business needs are, informs us about current buying and enables us to gage the size of improvement opportunities. Sourcing is an important aspect of business operations management. It includes searching for the right suppliers, setting the right pricing strategies, quality assurance, and contracts.
Supplier relationship management is focused on managing relationships with suppliers to ensure that the organization is getting the best possible quality and price for the products or services.Analyzing existing spend is important because it shows us what business needs are, informs us about current buying, and enables us to gage the size of improvement opportunities.
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The annual market size for products bought by or for preteens and teenagers is about - $2 billion. (1) $20 billion. ( $100 billion. ()) $200 billion. $900 billion. QUESTION 17 Evaluative criteria refer to the objective and subjective attributes of a brand consumers use to compare different products and brands those attributes of a brand that are based exclusively on objective criteria in order to make an unbiased purchase decision those attributes of a brand that are based exclusively on subjective criteria in order to avoid postpurchase anxiety the attributes of a product that a manufacturer wishes to promote to a specific target market. a list of required product attributes from which a customer will not waver regardless of additional incentives. QUESTION 18 A filtering of exposure, comprehension, and retention is called selective attention. selective perception. selective intuition. selective retention. stimulus discrimination. QUESTION 19 A(i) external cognitive alternative internal postpurchase OUESTION 20 Cognitive dissonance refers to feelings of guilt for purchasing a product or service that was not consistent with a consumer's moral or ethical beliefs. feelings of discomfort associated with purchasing something purely for the sake of prestige. the feeling of postpurchase psychological tension or anxiety consumers may experience when faced with two or more highly attractive alternatives. feelings of discontent after a purchase has been made when the product fails to perform up to expectations feelings of discontent before a purchase has been made when the customer finds out that he or she paid more for the product than necessary. Click Save and Submit to save and submit. Click. Save All Answers to save all answers.
Evaluative criteria refer to the objective and subjective attributes of a brand that consumers use to compare different products and brands. Filtering can be influenced by personal interests, needs, etc.
These criteria can include both objective factors, such as price, quality, and features, as well as subjective factors, such as brand reputation, personal preferences, and emotional appeal. Evaluative criteria help consumers make informed purchase decisions by considering various aspects of a brand or product before making a choice. A filtering of exposure, comprehension, and retention is called selective attention. Selective attention refers to the process by which consumers choose to focus their attention on certain stimuli while filtering out others.
This filtering can be influenced by factors such as personal interests, needs, and preferences. Cognitive dissonance refers to the feeling of post-purchase psychological tension or anxiety that consumers may experience when faced with two or more highly attractive alternatives. It occurs when there is a mismatch between a consumer's beliefs, attitudes, or expectations and their actual purchase decision. The feeling of cognitive dissonance arises from the conflict or inconsistency in the consumer's thoughts and can lead to a sense of discomfort or unease.
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what sort of competitive pressures are confronting traditional
grocery store? what options do these stores have to ease these
pressure?
Traditional grocery stores must adapt to the changing landscape by embracing online platforms, enhancing customer experiences, and promoting locally sourced products to ease competitive pressures and remain relevant in today's market.
Traditional grocery stores are facing various competitive pressures in today's market. One of the main challenges is the rise of online grocery shopping, which offers convenience and a wide range of options to consumers. This has led to increased competition and a shift in consumer preferences.
Additionally, discount and warehouse stores have emerged as strong competitors, offering lower prices and bulk purchasing options. This has put pressure on traditional grocery stores to match these prices and offer competitive deals to retain customers.
To ease these pressures, traditional grocery stores have several options. Firstly, they can invest in online platforms and offer delivery services to compete with online grocery providers. This allows them to tap into the convenience factor and reach a larger customer base.
Secondly, they can focus on personalized customer experiences and quality products. By offering exceptional customer service, creating a pleasant shopping environment, and providing fresh and unique products, they can differentiate themselves from discount stores.
Lastly, traditional grocery stores can collaborate with local farmers and suppliers to promote locally sourced products. This supports the "buy local" trend and appeals to customers who value sustainability and supporting local businesses.
In conclusion, traditional grocery stores must adapt to the changing landscape by embracing online platforms, enhancing customer experiences, and promoting locally sourced products to ease competitive pressures and remain relevant in today's market.
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Project management
1.1 Learning Outcomes:
Understanding and recognition of Projects
Importance of Projects
Identifying the nature of Project
6.2 Action Required:
Read the following Statement:
"Some projects are described as White Elephants"
6.3 Test your Knowledge (Question):
What do you think of the statement?
Why some Projects are considered as "White Elephants". Explain
"White Elephants" when they are wasteful, impractical, or fail to deliver value due to a lack of practicality, inefficient resource use, poor planning and execution, lack of stakeholder engagement, or changing circumstances.
The term "White Elephant" is often used metaphorically to describe projects that may have been initially well-intentioned but have ended up being burdensome or ineffective.
There are several reasons why certain projects are considered as "White Elephants":
Lack of practicality: Some projects may be initiated without proper feasibility studies or a realistic understanding of their potential benefits. They may be driven by political or personal agendas rather than actual need or demand. As a result, these projects may become impractical, failing to deliver the intended outcomes or value.
Inefficient use of resources: White Elephant projects are typically characterized by excessive spending and misallocation of resources. Large budgets and investments may be directed towards projects that do not align with the priorities or needs of the stakeholders or community. This mismanagement of resources can lead to wasted funds and a lack of tangible benefits.
Poor planning and execution: Projects that lack a well-defined plan, clear objectives, and effective project management processes are more likely to be deemed as white elephants. Without proper oversight and coordination, these projects may face delays, cost overruns, and scope creep, resulting in a failure to deliver the intended outcomes.
Lack of stakeholder engagement: When projects do not involve or consider the perspectives and needs of relevant stakeholders, they may fail to gain support or generate meaningful impact. Ignoring the input of those who are directly affected by the project can lead to resentment, resistance, and ultimately, the project being labeled as a white elephant.
Changing circumstances or priorities: External factors such as shifts in market conditions, technology advancements, or changes in social or economic priorities can render projects irrelevant or obsolete. Without adaptability and flexibility to accommodate evolving circumstances, projects can become stranded and ineffective.
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How have civil liberties been expanded and restricted throughout American history? In particular, how have civil liberties changed over the past century with respect to the First and Fourteenth Amendments? Cite case law in both areas.
Civil liberties are individual freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution to protect citizens from government intervention in certain areas of life. Throughout American history, civil liberties have been both expanded and restricted in various ways, and this has been particularly true over the past century with regard to the First and Fourteenth Amendments.
American history has witnessed an expansion of civil liberties throughout the years. For example, the First Amendment to the Constitution was amended to include freedom of speech and the press, which has allowed people to express their opinions without fear of censorship. This has enabled people to express themselves freely, as well as to share their thoughts and ideas with others. Similarly, the Fourteenth Amendment guarantees equal protection under the law and due process of law, which have been used to expand civil rights for marginalized groups, such as women, African Americans, and LGBTQ individuals.
Despite the expansion of civil liberties, there have also been significant restrictions on them. One of the most notable restrictions occurred during World War II when the US government detained Japanese Americans in internment camps. This was a clear violation of their civil liberties, which included the right to due process and equal protection under the law.
The First Amendment has also been restricted in various ways, such as in cases involving obscenity, libel, and national security. For instance, the Supreme Court's ruling in Schenck v. United States (1919) held that free speech could be restricted if it posed a "clear and present danger" to national security.In Gitlow v. New York (1925), the Supreme Court held that the First Amendment applied to state governments as well as the federal government. Similarly, in Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969), the Court held that free speech could only be restricted if it posed a direct and immediate threat of violence or illegal action.
In the area of the Fourteenth Amendment, Brown v. Board of Education (1954) was a landmark case in which the Supreme Court declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional. Similarly, in Lawrence v. Texas (2003), the Court declared that state laws banning homosexual conduct were unconstitutional.
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2. Factor-price equalization The fictional country of Tomczakistan is a nation that is relatively rich in labor resources. It can produce two types of goods, capital-intensive goods and labor-intensive goods. Tomczakistan's production possibilities frontier (PPF) is shown on the following graph. Currently, Tomczakistan is closed to international trade and producing at the grey point (star symbol) labeled A on the graph. Suppose that Tomczakistan is going to trade with Leightvania, a country that is relatively rich in capital and was also previously closed to international trade. 0n the following graph, use the green point (triangle symbol) to indicate which way Tomczakistan will adjust its production by placing it on one of the two black points (plus symbol). Dashed droplines will automatically extend to both axes.
Factor price equalization is a result of a free trade agreement between two countries that have different levels of resources and skills. According to this theory, free trade promotes the equalization of prices and wages for factors of production between countries that trade in the free market.
This theory suggests that international trade reduces the difference in factor prices in the two countries involved in trade by creating equal prices of goods between them. For instance, the fictional country of Tomczakistan is a nation that is relatively rich in labor resources. It can produce two types of goods, capital-intensive goods, and labor-intensive goods. Tomczakistan's production possibilities frontier (PPF) is shown on the following graph. Currently, Tomczakistan is closed to international trade and producing at the gray point (star symbol) labeled A on the graph. Suppose that Tomczakistan is going to trade with Leightvania, a country that is relatively rich in capital and was also previously closed to international trade. If Tomczakistan is producing at the point A on the PPF and goes to trade with Leightvania, it would have to import capital-intensive goods from Leightvania because it is abundant in capital. The importation of capital-intensive goods would cause the relative price of capital-intensive goods to fall, and the relative price of labor-intensive goods to rise. As a result, Tomczakistan would shift its production towards labor-intensive goods by choosing point B.
Therefore, Tomczakistan will adjust its production by placing the green point (triangle symbol) on one of the two black points (plus symbol) to point B. Dashed droplines will automatically extend to both axes.
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Do you see a parallel between the evolution of goals in economics and the move from Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) to environmental, social, and governance (ESG),? If so, please explain
COURSE: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
Yes, there is a parallel between the evolution of goals in economics and the shift from Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) to environmental, social, and governance (ESG).
In the field of economics, goals have evolved over time from a focus solely on profit maximization to a broader understanding that includes social and environmental considerations. This evolution reflects a recognition that businesses operate within a larger societal context and have a responsibility to address issues beyond financial performance.
Similarly, the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) emerged as a way for businesses to actively contribute to society and address social and environmental concerns. However, over time, it became clear that CSR was not enough to fully capture the breadth and depth of these concerns. This led to the development of the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) framework.
ESG takes a more comprehensive approach by considering not only social and environmental factors but also governance practices within organizations. It recognizes that responsible business practices are essential for long-term sustainability and success.
The parallel between the evolution of goals in economics and the shift from CSR to ESG lies in the recognition that businesses need to consider a broader set of factors beyond financial performance. Both reflect a growing understanding that businesses have a role to play in addressing societal and environmental challenges.
In summary, the parallel between the evolution of goals in economics and the move from CSR to ESG demonstrates a shift towards a more comprehensive and sustainable approach to business that considers social, environmental, and governance factors. This evolution reflects a recognition of the interconnectedness between businesses and society, and the need for responsible and sustainable practices.
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What is the McKinsey's 7S framework and explain the elements. Give an example of a business that used this framework and was it successful.
The McKinsey 7S framework has proven effective in enhancing business performance, as exemplified by Royal Dutch Shell, which successfully employed the model to improve its operations and achieve greater efficiency and profitability.
The McKinsey 7S framework is a strategic management model created by consulting company McKinsey & Company. The framework involves seven interconnected factors, including strategy, structure, systems, skills, staff, style, and shared values.
McKinsey & Company developed this framework in the late 1970s. The 7 elements of McKinsey's 7S framework are described below:Strategy: An organization's plan for achieving its objectives and goals is referred to as strategy. Structure: The way in which an organization's roles, responsibilities, and lines of authority are organized is referred to as structure.
Systems: Procedures, techniques, and routines that dictate how the job is done are referred to as systems. Skills: The skills, knowledge, and competencies needed by people to perform their work are referred to as skills. Staff: Employees who are required to complete tasks are referred to as staff. Style: Management's leadership style and how they interact with employees is referred to as style.
Shared Values: The principles, values, and beliefs that guide organizational behavior and decision-making are referred to as shared values.Example: A business example that has effectively employed the McKinsey 7S framework is Royal Dutch Shell.
This framework was used to effectively improve the company's business operations. Shell's management team recognized the importance of examining all elements of the company in order to create an environment that encourages efficiency and profitability. The 7S model was used by Shell to strengthen the internal coherence between business processes and management, ultimately leading to enhanced performance.
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The owner of Mom \& Pop's Hardware Store purchased a knife sharpener last year in order to allow the store to offer services in sharpening many types of blades. The cost of the equipment was $5,200 but Pop now feels that the store needs to generate additional revenue of $200 per month in order to have made the purchase worthwhile. With regard to making the decision of whether to continue to offer the service, the original cost of the sharpener can be considered relevant. sunk. controllable. mixed.
In the decision of whether to continue offering the knife sharpening service at Mom & Pop's Hardware Store, the original cost of the sharpener is considered a sunk cost.
A sunk cost refers to a past cost that has already been incurred and cannot be recovered. In this case, the $5,200 spent on purchasing the knife sharpener is not relevant to the decision-making process. Instead, the focus should be on the future revenue generated by the service, which is the additional $200 per month. The decision to continue the service should be based on its ability to generate the desired revenue and contribute to the store's overall profitability, rather than the past investment in the sharpener.
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Here, c is consumption, l is leisure, N s
is labor supply, h is total time endowment, w is wage level, π is dividend and T is lump-sum tax 1. Write down the two constraints (time and budget) in the household problem learned in the class. 2. Write down the combined budget constraint (literally combining the time and budget constraints by replacing N ∗
). 3. Explain the trade-off observed in the combined budget constraint. 4. Draw the combined budget line and find a feasible set on the consumption-leisure plane. 5. (Optional) Government imposes a linear sales tax τ c
on consumption instead of the lump sum tax T. For example, the sales tax in KS is τ c
=6.5%=0.065. Then, when you do a grocery shopping up to c=$100, what you actually pay is (1+τ c
)c=(1+0.065)×$100=$106.5. (a) Repeat parts (2) and (4). What do you observe? Why is the new budget line different from the previous one?
The time constraint is given as h = Ns x l + (1 – Ns) x φ and the budget constraint is given as c + τ = who(Ns, h) + π – T where τ is the total amount of tax paid by the household, φ is the amount of time spent in non-market activity and c is the total consumption.
2. The combined budget constraint can be obtained by substituting Ns = (h – φ)/l in the budget constraint. Therefore, c + τ = who((h – φ)/l, h) + π – T
3. The trade-off observed in the combined budget constraint is between consumption and leisure as the household must decide how much to consume and how much to save based on the available income.
4. The slope of the combined budget constraint is given by –w/τ, which represents the trade-off between consumption and leisure. The feasible set of the consumption-leisure plane is given by the area below the budget constraint and above the horizontal axis.
5. (a) The new budget constraint with a linear sales tax can be obtained by substituting the value of c from the sales tax formula in the original budget constraint. Therefore, (1 + τc) x c + τ = wh(Ns, h) + π – T.
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Suppose that a stock price, S(t), follows geometric Brownian
motion with expected return µ, and volatility σ: dS(t) = µS(t)dt +
σS(t)dW(t). Show that S2(t) also follows a geometric Brownian
motion
To show that S^2(t) follows a geometric Brownian motion, we need to apply Ito's lemma to the function f(x) = x^2, where x = S(t).
Let's consider the function f(x) = x^2. Using Ito's lemma, we have:
df = (∂f/∂t)dt + (∂f/∂x)dS + (1/2)(∂^2f/∂x^2)(dS)^2
Calculating the partial derivatives, we have:
∂f/∂t = 0 (since f is not explicitly dependent on t)
∂f/∂x = 2x
∂^2f/∂x^2 = 2
Substituting these values into the Ito's lemma equation, we get:
df = 2xdS + (1/2)(2)(dS)^2
= 2x(µSdt + σSdW) + σ^2S^2(dt)
= 2µxSdt + 2σxSdW + σ^2S^2(dt)
Simplifying further, we have:
df = 2µS^2dt + 2σS^2dW + σ^2S^2(dt)
= (2µ + σ^2)S^2dt + 2σS^2dW
Comparing this equation to the geometric Brownian motion equation dS(t) = µS(t)dt + σS(t)dW(t), we can see that S^2(t) follows a geometric Brownian motion with expected return (2µ + σ^2) and volatility (2σ).
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In the "forward estimates" (over the next three years) the Queensland Government is set to spend $43.2 billion dollars on road maintenance. There is talk that some of this money will go towards building new super highways in Brisbane, generating thousands of jobs for the city. Jeff is complaining to Will that this is an inefficient use of money as no individual Queenslander values road maintenance at that level and that the spending is just to ensure government politicians get re-elected.
Which of the following statements are true:
Jeff is correct because we should horizontally sum the quantities when dealing with a public good.
Jeff is incorrect if the vertical summation of Queenslanders' individual MB from road maintenance exceeds the expenditure.
Jeff is correct if the sum of the prices of individual's willingness to pay is less than the expenditure.
Individual Queenslanders' MB for the road maintenance expenditure will be equal.
If the vertical sum of each Queenslander's MB from road maintenance is greater than the cost, Jeff is mistaken.
Thus, This assertion is untrue. If the vertical sum of each Queenslander's marginal benefits from road maintenance surpasses the $43.2 billion in expenditures, then the road maintenance would be regarded as efficient and socially good.
This shows that overall, the public values road upkeep more than it costs to provide it. If the total of people's willingness to pay prices is less than their outlay, Jeff is right.
This assertion is also false. Prices do not accurately reflect people's willingness to pay for a public good; instead, marginal benefits do. Jeff is right since when dealing with a public product, we should horizontally sum the quantities.
Thus, If the vertical sum of each Queenslander's MB from road maintenance is greater than the cost, Jeff is mistaken.
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