There are more actual collisions between the reactant particles. We anticipate that the first step is the rate-determining step if the rate law is rate=k[A][B].
[C] has no effect on the reaction rate. On the other hand, we anticipate the second step to be the rate-determining step if the rate law is rate=k[A]B]C]. The following is the empirically discovered rate rule for ozone depletion: k [O3] = rate. A mechanism must be in accordance with the rate law discovered through experiment. The number of collisions increases as the temperature rises. The frequency of reactant collisions increases as a reactant's concentration rises, which in turn accelerates the rate of the reaction.
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Devise a route to convert propene to 1-bromo-2-propanol. Specify, in order, the reagents you would use. The reaction may require more than one step. If there is more than one feasible route, show only one. Specify reagents using letters from the table, first reagent on the left. Example: ab a NBS f K2Cr207, H2SO4, k OsO4/H202 H2O, heat g Cl2, heat or light h Cl2 b H2, Pd I 1. BH3 2. H202, NaOH c H2O, H2SO4 m SOCl2, pyridine d PCC i HCI n HBr Br2 in H20 j NaOH o Br2, e The reagents are in order of use):
Propan-1-ol can also be produced by hydroboration oxidation reaction.This reaction is known as the hydroboration reaction and obeys the anti-Markovnikov rule.
B2H6 reacts with propene along with hydrogen peroxide, converting it to 1-propanol. This reaction is known as the hydroboration reaction and obeys the anti-Markovnikov rule. Propene adds to diborane to form adducts. The adduct gives 1-propanol upon oxidation.
The reagents used for the dehydration of propan-2-ol to propene are concentrated phosphoric acid or concentrated sulfuric acid. Propanone can be converted to propane-2 by reducing the ketone. A ketone is reduced to a secondary alcohol. Ketones can be reduced by hydrogenation with a Grignard reagent. To convert propene to propan-1-ol, the method of reacting propene with peroxide is used.
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Order each of the following events so that they occur in the proper order with respect to the function of the channels, ion permeability, and changes in membrane potential.1. Repolarization of the membrane2. Depolarization of the membrane to +30 mV3. K+ ion flow out of the neuron increases4. Na+ ion flow into the neuron increases5. Opening of voltage-gated Na+ channels
The correct order of in which this process happens is given below :
3. K+ ions flow out of neurons increases
5. Opening of voltage-gated Na+ channels
4. Na+ ion flow into the neuron increases
2. Depolarization of the membrane
1. Repolarization of the membrane
Hyperpolarization is when the membrane potential becomes more negative at a particular spot on the neuron’s membrane, while depolarization is when the membrane potential becomes less negative (more positive). Depolarization and hyperpolarization occur when ion channels in the membrane open or close, altering the ability of particular types of ions to enter or exit the cell.
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2. Jennifer uses many forms of energy to get ready for school in the
morning. Which table best matches each form of energy to Jennifer's
actions?
Form of Energy Jennifer's Action
light
turns on a lamp
makes toast
listens to the radio
plugs in coffee pot
rides her bike
JOSTAGENS
sound
O C
E
electrical
mechanical
Form of Energy Jennifer's Action
Light
rides her bike
makes toast
plugs in coffee pot
turns on a lamp
listens to the radio
sound
electrical
mechanical
S
Form of Energy Jennifer's Action
Light
listens to the radio
heat
rides her bike
sound
turns on a lamp
electrical
plugs in coffee pot
mechanical
makes toast
O D
* 20 points
Form of Energy Jennifer's Action
light
heat
sound
electrical
mechanical
makes toast
turns on a lamp
rides her bike
listens to the radio
plugs in coffee pot
The table best matches each form of energy to Jennifer's actions is A.
What is energy?Energy is defined as the capacity to labor long hours or be extremely busy without becoming exhausted. Red blood cells, which carry oxygen in the blood throughout the body, are created by vitamin B12 in the body. Your body's cells use the oxygen once it gets there to produce energy.
Electrical energy, chemical energy obtained from fuels, food, and energy derived from the sun are the major types of energy used in our homes. Everyday appliances convert electrical energy into a variety of forms, including mechanical/kinetic, sound, heat, light, and other types of electromagnetic radiation.
Thus, the table best matches each form of energy to Jennifer's actions is A.
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A 0.220 g sample of carbon dioxide has a volume of 0.50L and pressure of 0.60 atm. What is the temperature of the gas in K? (R = 0.0821)
Answer:
T=731.0 K
Explanation:
According to the Ideal Gas Law, pV=nRT where
p=pressure in atm
V=volume in L
n=moles of gas
R=Ideal Gas Constant (0.08205 [tex]\frac{L*atm}{mol*K}[/tex])
T=temperature in K
To calculate the moles of carbon dioxide, first calculate the molecular weight:
[tex]C=12.01\frac{g}{mol}\\O=16.00\frac{g}{mol}[/tex]
So,
[tex]MW\ CO_2=12.01\frac{g}{mol}+2(16.00\frac{g}{mol})=44.01\frac{g}{mol}[/tex]
Then use the molecular weight to convert grams to moles:
[tex]0.220g\ CO_2(\frac{1\ mol\ CO_2}{44.01\ g\ CO_2})=5.0x10^{-3}\ mol\ CO_2[/tex]
So, for this problem, let
p = 0.60 atm
V = 0.50 L
n = [tex]5.0x10^{-3}[/tex] moles
R = 0.0821 [tex]\frac{L*atm}{mol*K}[/tex]
So,
[tex](0.60\ atm)(0.50\ L)=(5.0x10^{-3}mol)(0.0821\frac{L*atm}{mol*K})T\\T=\frac{(0.60\ atm)(0.50\ L)}{(5.0x10^{-3}mol)(0.0821\frac{L*atm}{mol*K})}\\T=731.0\ K[/tex]
URGENT/
Drag the tiles to the correct locations. Each tile can be used more than once, but not all tiles will be used. Some locations will remain empty.
Chloramine has the chemical formula NH2Cl. Nitrogen has five valence electrons, each hydrogen has one valence electron, and chlorine has seven valence electrons. Complete the Lewis structure for this covalent compound.
The lewis structure of Chloamine can be given as above.
What is Covalent Compound?If one element shares electron with another elements to form bond. This is called as covalent bond. The compound which contain Covalent bond called Covalent compound.
What is Nitrogen atom?Nitrogen is one of the elements of periodic table. It has 7 as atomic number and 14 as mass number. Its electronic configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p3. It belongs to 15th group and 2nd period of the periodic table. It accept three electron to get stable electronic configuration.
As we know that, chloramine has the chemical formula NH2Cl. Nitrogen has five valence electrons, each hydrogen has one valence electron, and chlorine has seven valence electrons.
Thus, we concluded that Nitrogen form three single bond two with hydrogen and one with chlorine atom.
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what is the rate constant of a reaction if rate = .2 (mol/L)s, [A] and [B] are each 3M, m=1 and n=2
Answer: [tex]7.407 \times 10^{-3} \text{ M}^{-2} \text{ s}^{-1}[/tex]
Explanation:
Note that rate is equal to [tex]k[A]^m [B]^n[/tex], where [tex]k[/tex] is the rate constant, [tex][A][/tex] and [tex][B][/tex] are the concentrations, [tex]m[/tex] is the order of reactant A, and [tex]n[/tex] is the order of reactant B.
Substituting the given values,
[tex]0.2=k(3^1)(3^2) \implies k=7.407 \times 10^{-3} \text{ M}^{-2} \text{ s}^{-1}[/tex]
Suppose the material used to create this graph was being cooled (reading the graph going right to left ← ). What change of state is represented by line segment B?
The point at which a liquid turns into a solid is referred to as its freezing point. In principle, a solid's melting point and liquid's freezing point should coincide. Small variations between these numbers can be seen in real-world situations.
The melting point and freezing point of a substance are the same temperature because freezing happens at the same temperature as melting. The temperature at which a substance becomes liquid or solid is known as the melting or freezing point of that substance.
Liquid water freezes at temperatures below 32°F (0°C); this temperature is known as the freezing point of water. Pure water ice melts and turns into liquid water at temperatures higher than 32°F (0°C);
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a carbon nanofiber network for stable lithium metal anodes with high coulombic efficiency and long cycle life
Increased Lithium Metal Metals Provided by Four Lithiophilic Nanomaterials with Multiscale Porosity, claims the statement.
How is metal produced?The first step in the manufacture of metal alloys is the extraction of the raw ore from the ground. The non-metal components are then taken out of the ore during processing, for example the rock and waste. Metal alloys are created by melting and mixing different metal parts.
Where can you utilize metal?They play a significant role in the creation of machinery for the manufacture of goods for the industrial, agricultural, and automotive sectors, including cars, trains, aircraft, rockets, and other vehicles. Steel, aluminum, and iron are the most frequently utilized metals in this area.
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For the molecule CF4, determine its Lewis structure, bonding pairs/lone pairs, electron geometry, its shape, and whether or not the molecule is polar.
The correct answers from the task given above about carbon tetrafluoride, CF4 are as follows:
a. The Lewis structure of the molecule; CF4 simply is attached.b. The bonding pairs angle of the molecule CF4 is 109°28′ and has 16 lone pairs of electrons.c. The electron geometry of CF4 is tetrahedral geometry d. The shape of carbon tetrafluoride is tetrahedral shaped.e. Carbon tetrafluoride, CF4 is a non-polar covalent molecule.What is meant by carbon tetrafluoride ( CF4 )GeO₂ is a chemical compound which is formed as a result of the chemical reaction between carbon and chlorine atoms. However, this carbon tetrafluoride, CF4 is also known as tetrafluoromethane.
In conclusion, it can be deduced from the explanation given above that carbon tetrafluoride is a chemical compound.
Complete question:
Determine the following about the molecule CF4:
a Its lewis structure,
b. Its bonding pairs/lone pairs,
c. What is its electron geometry?
d. Its shape,
e. Is carbon tetrafluoride, CF4 a polar or non-polar molecule?
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A factory uses a water tank to cool one of its pieces of machinery. To keep the water cold, fresh water enters the tank at a rate of 4 kilograms per second. Water also flows out of the tank at the same rate. The tank holds 8,000 kilograms of water.
The residence time for the average water molecule in that water tank is 2,000 seconds.
What is residence time?
The amount of material in the reservoir divided by the inflow or outflow constitutes the residence time, according to definition (they are equal when the reservoir is at equilibrium). If there are several inflows or outflows, we calculate the residence time using the sum of the inflows or outflows.
In one second, 4 kilograms will be added to the tank. In other words, you divide 8,000 kilograms of water by 4, which gets you 2,000.
Therefore, the residence time for the average water molecule in that water tank is 2,000 seconds.
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Alex pipettes out 10 mL of 1.5 M AgNO3 solution and dilutes it to make the total volume of 30 mL. What is the concentration of the new solution?
PLEASE HELP
How many photons are produced in a laser pulse of 0.536 J at 529 nm?
The energy produced per one photon at a wavelength of 529 nm is 3.75 × 10⁻¹⁹ J. Thus, 0.536 J corresponds to 1.42 × 10¹⁸.
What is photon?As per DE Broglie's duel nature of matter, light behave as wave as well as particle. The light particles with certain energy is called a photon. A photon has the energy of hv.
Given the wavelength = 529 nm
Energy of one photon = [tex]\frac{hc}{\lambda}[/tex]
= (6.62× 10⁻³⁴J s × 3 × 10⁸ m/s) / 529 × 10 ⁻⁹ m
= 3.75 × 10⁻¹⁹ J.
The total energy = 0.536 J
Thus, number of photons = total energy/ energy of one photon
= 0.536 / (3.75 × 10⁻¹⁹ J) = 1.42 × 10¹⁸.
Therefore, the number of photons will be 1.42 × 10¹⁸.
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you would find coffee-flavored buttercream in a . group of answer choices sacher torte mocha torte dobos torte tiramisu
You would find coffee-flavored buttercream in a mocha torte.
The essential ingredients for chocolate cake—flour, sugar, eggs, vanilla extract, baking powder, and two kinds of chocolate—are the foundation of this mocha cake recipe. I use espresso powder, which is accessible in most grocery shops' coffee aisles, to create the mocha flavor.
A torte is a dense, frequently stacked cake that has whipped cream, buttercream, mousse, jam, or fruit as its filling.
By definition, a torte is a sort of cake. They typically cost more because they use higher-quality ingredients. Their name is a translation of the German word for cake, torte. They are a specialty of Europe, and the majority of the well-known torte recipes originate here.
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Which of the following statements concerning a face- centered cubic unit cell and the corresponding lattice, made up of identical atoms, is incorrect? A. If the atoms have radius r, then the length of the cube edge is √8 times f. B. The close-packed direction lies along the face diagonal of the unit cell. C. The coordination number of the atoms in the lattice is V8. D. There are four atoms per unit cell in this type of packing. E. All statements are correct.
A. If the atoms have radius r, then the length of the cube edge is √8 times f statements concerning a face- centered cubic unit cell and the corresponding lattice, made up of identical atoms, is incorrect.
How effectively does the FCC crystal structure pack?74% of the FCC lattice's space is used for packing. Let n be the number of atoms or spheres, where n is equal to 4, and let r be the radius of the sphere and a be the length of the cube's edges.
A face-centered cubic unit cell structure is made up of atoms organized in a cube with a fraction of an atom at each corner and six extra whole atoms at the center of each cube face.
In this unit cell, there are 14 lattice points, eight of which are corner atoms while the remaining six are located in the middle of each face.
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What is the volume of a gas that had an initial volume of 73.5 mL at 0 C, and is warmed to 25C?
Answer:
The volume of a gas that had an initial volume of 73.5 mL at 0 C and is warmed to 25 C would be approximately 1837.5 mL. This is based on the Ideal Gas Law, which states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature as long as the pressure and number of moles of the gas remain constant.
Ideal gas law is valid only for ideal gas not for vanderwaal gas. Therefore, 80.2ml the volume of a gas that had an initial volume of 73.5 mL at 0 °C, and is warmed to 25°C.
What is ideal gas equation?Ideal gas equation is the mathematical expression that relates pressure volume and temperature. There is no force of attraction between the particles. Vanderwaal gas behaves as ideal gas at low pressure and high temperature.
Mathematically the relation between volume and temperature can be given as
PV=nRT
Rearranging the equation we get
V₁÷T₁=V₂÷T₂
where,
V=Volume
T =temperature
Substituting all the given values, we get
73.5÷273=V₂÷298
V₂=80.2ml
Therefore, 80.2ml the volume of a gas that had an initial volume of 73.5 mL at 0 °C, and is warmed to 25°C.
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what is the molarity of a solution made with 120 g of copper(II) chloride in enough water to make 220ml solution?
According to molar concentration, the molarity of copper(II) chloride solution is 4.054 M.
What is molar concentration?Molar concentration is defined as a measure by which concentration of chemical substances present in a solution are determined. It is defined in particular reference to solute concentration in a solution . Most commonly used unit for molar concentration is moles/liter.
Molar concentration is calculated by the formula, molar concentration=mass/ molar mass ×1/volume of solution in liters.
In terms of moles, it's formula is given as molar concentration= number of moles /volume of solution in liters.
Substituting values in the given formula, molarity= 120/134.45×1/0.22=4.054 M.
Thus the molarity of copper (II) chloride is 4.054 M.
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How many grams of ethanol, C₂H,OH, can be boiled with 564.1 kJ of heat energy? The molar heat of vaporization of ethanol is
38.6 kJ/mol.
mass of ethanol:
09
Answer: 672.2 grams
Explanation:
With 564.1 kJ of heat energy, [tex]564.1/38.6=14.613989637306[/tex] moles of ethanol can be combusted.
So, we need to find the formula mass of ethanol.
The atomic mass of carbon is 12 g/mol.The atomic mass of oxygen is 16 g/mol.The atomic mass of hydrogen is 1 g/mol.So, the formula mass of ethanol is [tex]2(12)+6(1)+16=46[/tex] g/mol.Therefore, the mass of ethanol is [tex](46)(14.613989637306)=672.2[/tex] grams.
If an ideal gas has a pressure of 1.11atm, a temperature of 40.04°C, and a volume of 76.87L, how many moles of gas are in the sample?
n=? mol
The numbers is moles in the gas sample is 0.032
Since we know that the I deal gas equation is
PV=nRT
where ,
P is pressure
V is volume
n is no. of moles
R is gas constant (8.3145 J⋅mol^−1⋅K^−1)
T is temperature ( in Kelvin)
P =1.11 atm
T = 40.04 + 273
= 313.04 K
V= 76.87L
substituting the given values in the ideal gas equation we get,
1.11x76.87=n x 8.3145 x 313.04
n=(1.11x76.87)/(8.3145x313.04)
n=0.032
Hence the moles in the sample are 0.032 .
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lans.
2. A sample containing 1.80 mol of argon gas has a volume of 10.00 L. What is
the new volume of the gas, in litres, when each of the following changes occurs in
the quantity of the gas? Assume that pressure and temperature remain constant.
The changes are not cumulative. T
(a) An additional 1.80 mol of argon gas is added to the container. [ans: 20.0 L]
(b) A sample of 25.0 g of argon gas is added to the container. [ans: 13.5 L]
(c) A hole in the container allows half of the gas to escape. [ans: 5.00 L]
(a) An additional 1.80 mol of ar gas is added to the container.[ans:20.0L]
(b) A sample of 25.0 g of ar gas is added to the container.[ans:13.5 L]
(c) A hole in the container allows half of the Ar gas to escape.[ans:5.00 L]
How do I compute?(a) The container is filled with 1.80 mol more argon gas.
The gas would now have a new volume of 20.0 L.
(a) To the container is inserted a sample of 25.0 g argon gas.
We must first establish how many moles of argon gas are included in the 25.0 g sample in order to calculate the new volume of the gas. The molar mass of argon, which is 39.948 g/mol, can be used to accomplish this. Thus, the 25.0 g sample has a total of 0.625 moles of argon. The volume of the gas will grow in proportion to the amount of gas present because the pressure and temperature are both constant. The total amount of gas will be 2.425 moles since 1.80 moles of gas and 0.625 moles of gas are being combined. The gas will now have a new volume of 13.5 L (10.00 L * (2.425 moles / 1.80 moles)).
(c) A hole in the container allows half of the argon gas to escape.
The new volume of the gas would be 10.00 L / 2 = 5.00 L.
How can the new volume of a gas be determined?Calculate the change in volume using the Ideal Gas Law, PV=nRT P V = n R T.
What is the gas's volume?The area occupied by gaseous particles under normal temperature and pressure circumstances is referred to as the volume of gas. It is identified as a "V." The letter "L" stands for "liters," the SI unit of volume. At normal temperature, a mole of gas has a volume of 24 m3, or 24 000 cm3.
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The molar mass of an insecticide, dibromoethane, is 187.9 g/mol. Its
molecular formula is C2H4Br2. What percent by mass of bromine does
dibromoethane contain?
OA) 42.52%
OB) 2.14%
OC) 85.05%
OD) 12.78%
E) 6.39%
1000 mg vanco in 250ml of d5w over 2 hrs. what is the drip rate ?
There is 1000 mg Vanco in 250 ml of 5w over 2 hrs. The drip rate of Vanco is 125 ml/hr.
What is the drip rate?Drip rate is a term used to describe the rate of an intravenous infusion depending on the number of drops (gtt) given to the patient each minute.
To conduct this calculation, you must know the total volume to be infused in milliliters, as well as the infusion time. Use the following formula.
To calculate the drip rate. The volume of the medicine is divided by the number of hours.
Given, the number of hours = 2 hrs
The volume of the Vanco is = 250ml
250 / 2 = 125 ml/hr
Therefore, the drip rate is 125 ml/hr.
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calculate the amount of heat needed to boil of hexane (), beginning from a temperature of . be sure your answer has a unit symbol and the correct number of significant digits.
The formatted answer to the question is below.Energy required to boil hexane is 80kj
From the question, the parameters given are 64.7g of hexane,C6H14; a starting temperature of 41.9°C and bringing it to 33.2°C.
Molar mass of hexane,C6H14=86.18g/mol.
Things to know: heat capacity of hexane, C6H14= 142.6J/molK, the heat of fusion = 9.87 kj/mol.
STEP ONE(1): ENERGY USED IN MELTING HEXANE SOLID.
Using the formula below;
Energy used in melting the solid(in JOULES) = (mass of hexane/molar mass of hexane) × heat of Fusion.
=(64.7g of C6H14/86.18(g per mol) of C6H6) × 9.87 kJ per mol.
= 7.40J.
= 0.0074 kJ.
STEP TWO (2): ENERGY OF HEATING THE LIQUID.
It can be calculated from the formula below;
Energy= heat capacity (J/g.K) × mass of hexane× (∆T).
= 142.6J/molK × 64.7× (41.9-33.2).
= 80268.114
= 80.268 kJ.
Energy required to boil hexane= Energy required to melt the hexane + energy required for boiling.
= 0.0074 kJ.+80.268 kJ.
= 80.27kJ
Approximately, 80kJ
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A pregnant client experienced preterm labor at 30 weeks gestation. Upon assessing the client the nurse finds that the newborn is at risk of having cerebral palsy. Which medication administration should the nurse perform to prevent cerebral palsy in the newborn?
A. Calcium gluconate.
B. Magnesium sulfate.
C. Glucocorticoid drugs.
D. Antibiotic medications
The medicine that has to be given by the nurse to prevent cerebral palsy in the new-born is magnesium sulphate.
The term "cerebral palsy" refers to a collection of conditions that impair mobility and posture development and are thought to be caused by non-progressive abnormalities. Insults that caused cerebral palsy are thought to have happened during foetal development or early childhood. A significant risk factor for cerebral palsy is preterm delivery, and that risk rises sharply as gestational age decreases. Right now, 25% of all new occurrences of cerebral palsy are caused by babies delivered before 34 weeks of pregnancy. Cerebral palsy risk is higher when there are several pregnancies. MgSO4 was infused continuously at a rate of 2 g/h for up to 12 hours after a 6 g loading dose. Given before delivery, magnesium sulphate is known to regulate the vasculature and minimize hypoxia effects by neutralising cytokine or excitatory amino acid damage, which may lower the risk.
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chromium has 24 electrons. write out the entire electron configuration for chromium using spdf notation
Using spdf notation, the electron configuration for chromium is [Ar] 3d5 4s1 whose atomic number is 24.
In the sixth column of the periodic table chromium is the first element. It is under the transition metal category. Along with its 24 protons and 24 electrons, the most common form of chromium also has 28 neutrons. The placement of electrons in various atomic orbitals is known as the electronic configuration. The various appropriate orbitals will be filled with electrons.
The s orbitals can accommodate two electrons, while the p orbitals can accommodate six, the d orbitals can accommodate ten, and the f orbitals can accommodate fourteen electrons. Chromium has an atomic number of 24. Chromium has the electrical configuration 1s22s22p63s23p64s13d5.
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How much heat is needed to increase the temperature of a 540.6 g sample of iron from 20°C to 84°C? The specific heat capacity of iron is 0.450 J/g · C
Answer:
The temperature of the iron sample from 20°C to 84°C is 20999.6 J.
Explanation:
To determine the amount of heat needed to increase the temperature of a substance, you can use the following formula:
Q = m * c * ΔT
Where Q is the amount of heat, m is the mass of the substance, c is the specific heat capacity of the substance, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
In your case, the mass of the iron sample is 540.6 g, the specific heat capacity of iron is 0.450 J/g · C, and the change in temperature is 84°C - 20°C = 64°C. Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
Q = 540.6 g * 0.450 J/g · C * 64°C = 20999.6 J
Therefore, the amount of heat needed to increase the temperature of the iron sample from 20°C to 84°C is 20999.6 J.
The intermediate shown converts a ketone or aldehyde into what functional group?
A organophosphane
B alkene
C alkyne
D 1,2 -di-ketone
The intermediate shown converts a ketone or aldehyde into what functional group is Alkyne
What is meant by alkyne ?
Alkynes, a chemical compound. Alkynes are defined as molecules with a triple bond between two carbon atoms. One bond and two bonds combine to form the triple bond.
Alkynes are hydrocarbons that have triple bonds between carbon atoms. The typical formula for molecules with one triple bond is CnH2n-2 (and no rings). Alkynes undergo many of the same reactions as alkenes, but because the triple bond contains two p-bonds, they can react twice.
Due to the compound's unsaturation, two carbon atoms that form double bonds trade the excess electrons with regard to hydrogen atoms. Alkynes from the first component in the chain are additionally frequently referred to as ACETYLENES.
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Part III: To which side of a Water Molecule are these Attracted?
Magnesium
Sulfur
Iron
Chlorine
Potassium
Bromine
Calcium
Helium
Nitrogen
Part IV: Polar or Non-polar?
Cooking oil
Ionic Compounds
Sugar
Salt
A compound with H's
Insoluble in water
Soluble in water
Dissolves in water
Part V: Which one will dissolve the fastest?
1. Powdered sugar or granulated sugar?
2. In hot water or in cold water?
3. Stirred or not stirred?
4. Large particles or small particles?
Part III:
Water Molecule are Attracted to Chlorine.
What is meant by water molecule?
The water molecule is made up of two hydrogen atoms connected by a single chemical bond to an oxygen atom. Most hydrogen atoms have a proton-only nucleus.
Part IV:
Polar substances are likely to dissolve in polar solvents. For example, ionic compounds, which are very polar, are often soluble in the polar solvent water.
Which is an ionic compound?
Ionic compounds are ion compounds. These ions are atoms that gain or lose electrons, resulting in a net positive or negative charge. Metals tend to lose electrons, resulting in a net positive charge and transformation into cations. Non-metals tend to gain electrons, resulting in anions with a net negative charge.
Part V:
Powdered sugar or granulated sugar will dissolve the fastest.
Hence above given is a correct answer.
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predict which aqueous solution will have the lowest freezing point
A. 0.25MOL/LITER SUCROSE
B. 0.15 MOL/LCaCl2
C. 0.15MOL/LNaCl
D. 0.2MOL/LNaNO3
CaCl₂ has lowest freezing point as it has higher "im" value.
What is freezing point?A solution's freezing point is lower than that of the pure solvent's. It follows that freezing cannot happen until a solution is lowered to a temperature lower than the pure solvent.
As we know more "im" value lowest is the freezing point.
Here,
m = molarity
i = van't Hoff factor = 1 + (n-1) α
α = degree of ionization
n = number of ions.
A. 0.25 MOL /LITER SUCROSE = 0.25 M SUCROSE
m = 0.25 M
Sucrose is non-electrolyte, so α = 0
or, i = 1 + (n-1) × 0
or, i = 1
So, im = 1 × 0.25 M
im = 0.25 M
B. 0.15 MOL/L CaCl₂ = 0.15 M CaCl₂
m = 0.15 M
CaCl₂ → Ca⁺² + 2Cl⁻
no. of ions (n) = 3
CaCl₂ is electrolyte, so α = 1
Thus, i = 1 + (3-1) × 1
or, i = 3
So, im = 3 × 0.15 M
or, im = 0.45 M
C. 0.15 MOL/L NaCl = 0.15 M NaCl
m = 0.15 M
NaCl → Na⁺ + Cl⁻
no. of ions = 2
NaCl is electrolyte, so α = 1
Thus, i = 1 + (2-1) × 1
or, i = 2
So, im = 2 × 0.15 M
or, im = 0.30 M
D. 0.2 MOL/L NaNO₃ = 0.2 M NaNO₃
m = 0.2 M
NaNO₃ → Na⁺ + NO₃⁻
no. of ions = 2
NaNO₃ is electrolyte, so α = 1
Thus, i = 1 + (2-1) × 1
or, i = 2
So, im = 2 × 0.2 M
or, im = 0.40 M
Among these four aqueous solution, CaCl₂ has higher "im" value thus it has lowest freezing point.
Correct option: B
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consider the following electron configurations to answer the questions that follow: (i) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 (ii) 1s2 2s2 2p6 352 (iii) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1 (iv) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4 (v) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5 the electron configuration of the atom with the most negative electron affinity is
The electron configuration of the atom with the most negative electron affinity is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹ sodium (Na)
When an atom gains an electron, there is an energy change called electron affinity.
Eea = X(g) + e⁻ ⇒ XE
E stand for change in energy (E)
Eea stands for electron affinity.
Affinity for electrons frequently has negative energy levels. An electron can be added to an atom more readily the more negative the electron affinity. The periodic table shows that electron affinities increase with period.
Because electrons are added to energy levels, which brings them closer to the nucleus, there is a stronger attraction between the nucleus and its electrons, increasing electron affinity higher for the groups and from left to right across periods of a periodic table.
However, a few exceptions:
1. Elements in group 18 (8A) have electron affinities that are larger than zero. This is due to the atom's filled valence shell, which prevents an electron from being added without it moving to a lower energy shell.
2. Because adding an electron necessitates that it stay in the previously vacant p sub-shell, group 2 (2A) elements have higher electron affinities.
3. Due to the necessity of adding an electron to an orbital that is already occupied, group 15 (5A) elements have higher electron affinities.
Putting these things into practice with the components listed in the question
(i) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹ = 11 Sodium (Na)
(ii) 1s² 2s²2p⁶ 35² = 15 Phosphor (P)
(iii) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹ = 13 Aluminum (Al)
(iv) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴ = 16 Sulfur( S)
(v) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²= 12 Magnesium (Mg)
We knew that, electron affinity increases upward for the groups and from left to right across periods so, the electron congifuration that have the most negative electron affinity is sodium (Na) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹ .
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(c) A 10L box contains 41.4g of a mixture of gasses CxH8 and CxH12. The total pressure at
44°C in flask is 1.56atm. Analysis revealed that the gas mixture has 87% total carbon
and 13% total hydrogen. Find out the value of x.
Answer: To find the value of x, we need to determine the proportions of the two gases in the mixture. We can do this by using the information provided about the total carbon and hydrogen content of the mixture.
First, we need to calculate the total mass of carbon and hydrogen in the mixture. We know that the mixture contains 87% carbon and 13% hydrogen, so the total mass of carbon is 87% * 41.4 g = 36.198 g. Similarly, the total mass of hydrogen is 13% * 41.4 g = 5.382 g.
Next, we can use the ideal gas law, which states that PV = nRT, to determine the number of moles of each gas in the mixture. Here, P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in kelvin.
We know the pressure, volume, and temperature of the mixture, and we can use the atomic weights of carbon and hydrogen to calculate the number of moles of each gas. The atomic weight of carbon is 12.01 g/mol and the atomic weight of hydrogen is 1.008 g/mol.
Let's first find the number of moles of carbon in the mixture:
n(C) = (PV) / (RT)
= (1.56 atm * 10 L) / (0.08206 Latm/molK * (317.15 K))
= 0.1039 mol
Next, let's find the number of moles of hydrogen in the mixture:
n(H) = (PV) / (RT)
= (1.56 atm * 10 L) / (0.08206 Latm/molK * (317.15 K))
= 0.0161 mol
Finally, we can use the ratio of the number of moles of each gas to determine the value of x. We know that the gas mixture contains a total of 0.1039 mol of carbon and 0.0161 mol of hydrogen. The ratio of the number of moles of carbon to the number of moles of hydrogen is therefore 0.1039 mol / 0.0161 mol = 6.4.
Since we are looking for the value of x, we can express this ratio as CxH8 / CxH12. This gives us the equation:
(CxH8) / (CxH12) = 6.4
Solving this equation gives us x = 6.4, so the value of x is 6.4.
I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any questions.