1. Assets and liabilities are two fundamental categories in accounting that represent different aspects of a company's financial position:
- Assets: Assets are resources owned or controlled by a company that have economic value and are expected to provide future benefits. Examples of assets include cash, accounts receivable, inventory, property, plant, and equipment. Assets are typically listed on the balance sheet, one of the key financial statements, and are categorized as current assets (expected to be converted into cash within one year) or non-current assets (long-term assets).
- Liabilities: Liabilities are obligations or debts owed by a company to external parties. They represent claims on a company's assets and can arise from borrowing money, purchasing goods or services on credit, or other contractual obligations. Examples of liabilities include accounts payable, loans, and accrued expenses. Like assets, liabilities are also presented on the balance sheet and are categorized as current liabilities (due within one year) or long-term liabilities (due after one year).
2. The six steps in the accounting cycle are as follows:
- Step 1: Analyze Transactions: This step involves examining and understanding the financial transactions that occurred during a specific period.
- Step 2: Journalize: In this step, the analyzed transactions are recorded in the general journal using a double-entry bookkeeping system.
- Step 3: Post to Ledger: The journal entries are then transferred to the general ledger, which contains separate accounts for different types of transactions.
- Step 4: Prepare Unadjusted Trial Balance: An unadjusted trial balance is prepared to ensure that the total debits equal the total credits.
- Step 5: Adjust Entries: Adjusting entries are made to account for accrued expenses, prepaid items, depreciation, and other necessary adjustments to accurately reflect the financial position.
- Step 6: Prepare Financial Statements: Finally, the adjusted trial balance is used to prepare financial statements such as the income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement.
3. Firms perform ratio analysis for several key reasons:
- Evaluation of Performance: Ratios allow companies to assess their financial performance and compare it with previous periods, industry benchmarks, or competitors. By analyzing profitability ratios, liquidity ratios, and efficiency ratios, companies can identify strengths, weaknesses, and areas for improvement.
- Financial Health Assessment: Ratio analysis helps determine a company's financial health by evaluating its ability to meet short-term obligations (liquidity ratios) and long-term debt repayment (solvency ratios). It provides insights into the company's financial stability and risk exposure.
- Decision Making: Ratios aid in decision-making processes such as investment decisions, lending decisions, and pricing strategies. They provide valuable information to stakeholders, including investors, creditors, and managers, assisting them in making informed choices.
- Benchmarking: Ratios enable companies to benchmark their performance against industry standards or competitors. This helps identify areas where a company may be underperforming or outperforming its peers.
- Trend Analysis: Ratio analysis over multiple periods helps identify trends and patterns in a company's financial performance. It helps track progress, spot potential issues, and make strategic adjustments.
In conclusion, ratio analysis is performed by firms to evaluate performance, assess financial health, support decision-making, benchmark against industry standards, and analyze trends. It provides a comprehensive understanding of a company's financial position and aids in effective decision-making for future growth and success.
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Prioritize Requirements Activity and Techniques Subject - Requirement Life Cycle Management
Q- What is principled negotiation? How is principled negotiation different from a position-based negotiation? What is the main tenant of the principled negotiation technique?
Principled negotiation, also referred to as interest-based negotiation, is a problem-solving negotiation approach that seeks to satisfy the needs of both parties involved in the negotiation by achieving mutually beneficial outcomes.
It is different from position-based negotiation in that it focuses on the interests of the parties involved instead of their positions and involves a collaborative process in which both parties try to achieve their goals.
The main tenet of principled negotiation is that the interests of both parties should be addressed in the negotiation, creating a win-win outcome.
Principled negotiation, also referred to as interest-based negotiation, is a problem-solving negotiation approach that seeks to satisfy the needs of both parties involved in the negotiation by achieving mutually beneficial outcomes. It is different from position-based negotiation in that it focuses on the interests of the parties involved instead of their positions and involves a collaborative process in which both parties try to achieve their goals. In principled negotiation, the parties involved focus on creating value instead of just dividing it, making the relationship between the parties a crucial aspect of the negotiation.
The main tenet of principled negotiation is that the interests of both parties should be addressed in the negotiation, creating a win-win outcome. Principled negotiation is based on four principles:
Separate the people from the problem - This principle aims to prevent emotions from affecting the negotiation by focusing on the problem, not the people involved.
Focus on interests, not positions - In principled negotiation, parties focus on their interests rather than positions and try to identify common interests to achieve mutually beneficial outcomes.
Generate options for mutual gain - Parties in principled negotiation focus on creating multiple solutions to problems that could benefit both parties.
Evaluate alternatives based on objective criteria - Parties in principled negotiation evaluate options based on objective criteria, creating a fair process that can benefit both parties.
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a
Of the Big Five, ________ best predicts job performance and ___________ best predicts organizational commitment.
Extraversion/openness
Agreeableness/extraversion
Conscientiousness, conscientiousness
b
HofstedeÕs model of what values are held in different cultures was originally based onÊ
Anthropologist Margaret MeadÕs book ÒContinuities in Cultural EvolutionÓ
Surveys of 88,000 IBM employees from 72 different countries
c
The value in diversity approach to understanding the relationship between diversity and team performance suggests
Multiple teams competing to solve the same problem work harder and this ultimately leads to better problem-solving
Team membersÕ diverse perspectives and knowledge leads to better problem-solving
d
An example of deep-level diversity in teams is
When team members turn out to have different goals in mind for the team
When the gender mix in a team is not balanced
a. The correct option is ' Of the Big Five, Conscientiousness best predicts job performance and conscientiousness best predicts organizational commitment' is Conscientiousness, conscientiousness.
b. The correct option is ' Hofstede's model of what values are held in different cultures was originally based on' surveys of 88,000 IBM employees from 72 different countries.
c. The correct option is ' The value in diversity approach to understanding the relationship between diversity and team performance suggests' that Team members diverse perspectives and knowledge leads to better problem-solving.
d. The correct option is ' An example of deep-level diversity in teams is' when team members turn out to have different goals in mind for the team.
a. The individuals who are organized, responsible, and reliable tend to perform better in their job roles and it also leads to be organizational commitment.
b. This model identified five cultural dimensions, including power distance, individualism vs. collectivism, masculinity vs. femininity, uncertainty avoidance, and long-term vs. short-term orientation.
c. The value in diversity approach suggests that team members with different backgrounds and perspectives can bring unique ideas and knowledge to the team. This can lead to better problem-solving and decision-making, as well as increased creativity and innovation.
d. Deep-level diversity refers to differences in attitudes, values, and goals that are not immediately apparent. This type of diversity can lead to conflicts and misunderstandings within a team, and it is important for team members to be aware of and manage these differences in order to work effectively together.
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If Marginal Cost (MC) is higher than Average Cost (AC), average
cost
is constant as output increases
is falling as output increases
is rising as output increases
cannot be determined
If the Marginal Cost (MC) is higher than the Average Cost (AC), the average cost is rising as output increases.
When the Marginal Cost (MC) is higher than the Average Cost (AC), it means that each additional unit of output is being produced at a higher cost than the average cost of all units produced so far. This indicates that the average cost is rising as output increases.
To understand why this is the case, we can consider the relationship between marginal cost and average cost. Average Cost (AC) is calculated by dividing the total cost of production by the quantity of output. Marginal Cost (MC), on the other hand, represents the cost of producing one additional unit of output.
If MC is higher than AC, it implies that the cost of producing the next unit of output is greater than the average cost of all units produced so far. This suggests that the additional unit is being produced at a higher cost compared to the previous units. Consequently, incorporating this higher cost into the average will cause the average cost to rise.
In summary, when MC is higher than AC, it indicates that the cost of producing each additional unit is higher than the average cost, leading to a rise in the average cost as output increases.
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The earned income credit serves as a negative income tax and is available to A. only senior citizens below the poverty line. B. only head of household status filers. C. Iow-income taxpayers. D. anyone with an earned income as opposed to passive income.
The earned income credit (EIC) serves as a negative income tax and is available to C. low-income taxpayers.
The earned income credit (EIC) serves as a negative income tax and is available to C. low-income taxpayers. It is a refundable tax credit designed to provide financial assistance to individuals and families with low to moderate incomes. The credit amount is based on factors such as earned income, filing status, and number of qualifying dependents.
To qualify for the EIC, you must have earned income from working, as opposed to passive income from investments or rental properties. Additionally, you must meet certain income limits and filing requirements. The credit is not limited to senior citizens or individuals below the poverty line.
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Employers find that many college graduates need to be career-ready in skills that employers are looking for. Multiple Choice critical thinking problem-solving. Professionalism/work ethic, and tea work collaboration professionalism work ethic, leadership, and oral/written communication oral written communication, teamwork collaboration, and global intercultural fluency leadership, digital technology, and critical thinking
Employers find that many college graduates need to be career-ready in skills that employers are looking for. These skills include ethic, critical thinking, problem-solving, oral/written communication, teamwork collaboration, leadership, global intercultural fluency, and digital technology.
Employees who have the ability to lead and work effectively in different cultures are valued by companies.
Digital technology is the most essential skill required by graduates. They must be familiar with various computer systems, software applications, and hardware. They must be comfortable working with technology and can troubleshoot problems effectively. Graduates who have these skills are preferred by employers.
In conclusion, college graduates must possess a combination of skills that employers are looking for. They must have professionalism/work ethic, critical thinking, problem-solving, oral/written communication, teamwork collaboration, leadership, global intercultural fluency, and digital technology skills to become career-ready. Employers require these skills in today's competitive job market.
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The Phelps Toy Company was considering the advisability of adding a new product to its line. Ike Barnes was in charge of new product development. Since the founding of the company in 1995, he had seen sales grow from $150,000 a year to almost $40 million in 2015. Although the firm had initially started out manufacturing toy trucks, it had diversified into such items as puzzles, stuffed animals, wall posters, miniature trains, and board games. In 2009, it developed the third most popular board game for the year, based on a popular television quiz show, but the show was canceled two years later.
The Phelps Toy Company should consider adding the new product to its line.
Ike Barnes, who is in charge of new product development at Phelps Toy Company, has witnessed significant sales growth over the years. From the company's founding in 1995 to 2015, sales grew from $150,000 to almost $40 million. This growth demonstrates the company's ability to adapt and diversify its product offerings successfully.
Additionally, the company has a track record of successfully expanding its product line beyond toy trucks into various items like puzzles, stuffed animals, wall posters, miniature trains, and board games. In 2009, they even developed the third most popular board game for the year, based on a popular television quiz show.
Although the cancellation of the television quiz show affected the sales of the board game, it should not discourage the company from introducing new products. Market dynamics can change, and introducing a new product could help Phelps Toy Company capture new market segments or revitalize their product portfolio.
Given the Phelps Toy Company's history of sales growth, successful diversification, and previous product development achievements, it is advisable for the company to consider adding the new product to its line. This move would align with their track record of adapting to market demands and expanding their offerings. However, further market research, analysis of consumer trends, and feasibility studies should be conducted to ensure the new product aligns with the company's goals and has a high potential for success.
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A new pharmaceutical drug calls for 4.5 ounces of compound AN7-X1 per batch of 250 tablets. AN7-X1. has a standard_price, of $2 per ounce, An initial inventory of 8,000 ounces of AN7. XI is purchased for $17,200. The firm produces, 1,000 batches of the new drug and uses 4,600 , ounces of AN7-X I : All variances are calculated as soon as possible. Required: Calculate the price and quantity yariances for AN7-X1.
Price and Quantity VariancesAN7-X1 is a compound required for producing pharmaceutical drugs. The cost of 4.5 ounces of AN7-X1 is $2 per ounce. It is required to calculate the price and quantity variances for AN7-X1. The inventory of AN7-X1 at the beginning of the production process was 8,000 ounces.
The firm produced 1,000 batches of the drug, and 4,600 ounces of AN7-X1 was used. AN7-X1 is a crucial raw material for the production of the drug. Therefore, it is essential to analyze the variances in both price and quantity. Calculation of Quantity Variance Quantity variance is the difference between the standard quantity of AN7-X1 that should have been used in the production of 1,000 batches and the actual quantity used. Standard Quantity of AN7-X1 per batch of 250 tablets is:4.5 ounces of AN7-X1 per batch of 250 tablets, Thus, Standard Quantity of AN7-X1 per batch of 1000 tablets is:$$4.5 \text{ ounces of AN7-X1} \cdot \frac{1000}{250}= 18 \text{ ounces of AN7-X1}$$. The standard quantity of AN7-X1 required for the production of 1000 batches of 250 tablets each is 18 ounces. The actual quantity of AN7-X1 used is 4,600 ounces, which is obtained from the initial inventory and subsequent purchases. Let us calculate the quantity variance: Quantity Variance = (Standard Quantity – Actual Quantity) * Standard Price Quantity Variance = (18 – 4.6) * 2Quantity Variance = 26.8 * 2Quantity Variance = $ 53.60.
Summary: The quantity variance for AN7-X1 is $53.60, which is an unfavorable variance because more quantity of AN7-X1 was used than expected. The price variance for AN7-X1 is - $26,364, which is an unfavorable variance because the actual cost of AN7-X1 is much higher than the expected cost.
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Read the What Would you Do? box titled "'Shooting' Employees with Motivation." As you read the content of the box consider the ethical and motivational concerns that could arise when when trying to analyze an organizational culture.
After you have read the content in the box, answer one of the discussion questions at the end. Also, comment on comments by 2 other classmates who addressed a different discussion question from you.
The "Shooting" Employees with Motivation is an interesting box that deals with organizational culture. The concept of the box is to understand how managers can motivate their employees. However, it does raise concerns about the ethical and motivational concerns that arise when analyzing an organizational culture.
An organizational culture refers to the values, beliefs, attitudes, and norms that prevail in an organization. When analyzing organizational culture, it is important to understand the ethical and motivational issues that might arise. Some of the ethical issues that might arise are related to fairness and equality, which are fundamental to the organizational culture. Managers need to find ways to motivate employees so that they remain engaged and committed to the organization.
Additionally, managers need to ensure that they are rewarding behaviors that align with the organization's values and goals.
Comments on discussion question:
Comment 1: I think publicizing rewards for performance is a good idea. It gives employees something to work towards and shows them that their hard work is recognized. It also makes the reward process more transparent, which can increase trust and respect among employees.
Comment 2: I believe making rewards for performance public is a bad idea. It could lead to a competitive environment that could foster resentment and hostility among employees. Instead, managers should focus on creating an environment of collaboration and teamwork where employees are motivated to work towards the common goal.
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P7.8B (L.O 4) (Notes Receivable with Realistic Interest Rate) On July 1, 2020, Otter Sea Equipment Company sold a fishing boat to James Brothers Yatching, Inc. In lieu of a cash payment James Brothers Yachting gave Oiter Sea a 3-year, $150,000,12% note (a realistic rate of interest for a note of this type). The note required interest to be paid annually on July 1. Otter Sea's financial statements are prepared on a calendar-year basis. Instructions Assuming James Brothers Yatching fulfills all the terms of the note, prepare the necessary journal entries for Otter Sea Equipment Company for the entire term of the note.
These journal entries reflect the transactions related to the note receivable over its entire term, including the sale of the fishing boat, the receipt of annual interest payments, and the maturity of the note.
Here are the necessary journal entries for Otter Sea Equipment Company for the entire term of the note: July 1, 2020 (Issuance of Note): Notes Receivable 150,000; Sales Revenue 150,000. To record the sale of the fishing boat and the issuance of the 3-year note. July 1, 2021 (Interest Received): Cash 18,000. Interest Revenue 18,000. To record the receipt of annual interest payment on the note. July 1, 2022 (Interest Received): Cash 18,000. Interest Revenue 18,000. To record the receipt of the second annual interest payment on the note. July 1, 2023 (Interest Received and Note Maturity): Cash 18,000; Interest Revenue 18,000; Notes Receivable 150,000; Interest Revenue 12,000; Sales Revenue 6,000.
To record the receipt of the third annual interest payment and the maturity of the note. The principal amount of $150,000 is also removed from the books, along with the recognition of the remaining interest revenue. These journal entries reflect the transactions related to the note receivable over its entire term, including the sale of the fishing boat, the receipt of annual interest payments, and the maturity of the note.
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A man purchases a car now for R400 000 on hire purchase. He is required to pay a 20% deposit on this amount on the day of purchase. The remainder of the price is to be repaid by means of sixty regular, equal, monthly payments starting one month after the date of the purchase. If interest is charged at a rate of 11% p.a. simple interest, then the monthly payments (to the nearest cent) is equal to R
The monthly payment, to the nearest cent, would be R6,499.72.
To calculate the monthly payments, we need to break down the different components involved and use the formula for calculating monthly instalment payments.
Purchase Price:
The car's purchase price is R400,000.
Deposit:
The man is required to pay a 20% deposit on the purchase price. So, the deposit amount is 20% of R400,000, which is (20/100) * R400,000 = R80,000.
Loan Amount:
The remaining amount after the deposit is subtracted from the purchase price. So, the loan amount is R400,000 - R80,000 = R320,000.
Interest Rate:
The interest rate charged is 11% per annum (p.a.) simple interest. To calculate the monthly interest rate, we divide it by 12 months. So, the monthly interest rate is (11/100) / 12 = 0.00917.
Loan Duration:
The loan is to be repaid over sixty regular, equal, monthly payments starting one month after the date of purchase.
Monthly Installment Calculation:
To calculate the monthly instalment payments, we use the formula:
Monthly Payment = Loan Amount / Present Value Factor
The present value factor can be calculated using the formula:
Present Value Factor = (1 - (1 + Monthly Interest Rate)^(-Loan Duration)) / Monthly Interest Rate
Plugging in the values, we get:
Present Value Factor = (1 - (1 + 0.00917)^(-60)) / 0.00917
Calculating this, we find that the Present Value Factor is approximately 49.292.
Now, we can calculate the monthly payment:
Monthly Payment = Loan Amount / Present Value Factor
Monthly Payment = R320,000 / 49.292
Calculating this, we find that the monthly payment is approximately R6,499.72.
Therefore, the monthly payments (to the nearest cent) would be R6,499.72.
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According to "game theory," if lying is unethical, then "bluffing" is also unethical True False Different societies may have different ethics, but the morals of any given individual should remain relatively constant no matter which society that person should happen to be in at any point in time True False (1 point) Federal law now requires that businesses adopt a code of ethics True False ∼ Saved Two broad categories of ethical theories exist, based on either consequential principles or on nonconsequential principles True False
Game theory is a mathematical study of decision-making processes involved in interactions between two or more rational individuals.
It is widely used to make predictions about social interactions between individuals, businesses, and even governments.According to game theory, bluffing can be ethical even if lying is unethical. For example, bluffing in a game of poker is considered ethical.
The reason behind this is that both players know that bluffing is allowed, and they agree to follow the rules. In this scenario, both parties can use bluffing tactics to deceive each other. Therefore, bluffing is ethical because both players are following the rules of the game.
Whereas lying is unethical because it involves making false statements, and the other person is unaware of it.Different societies have different ethics, but the morals of any given individual should remain relatively constant no matter which society that person happens to be in at any point in time.
This statement is false because an individual's morals and ethical values can change based on their experiences and environment. These values are influenced by the culture and social norms of the society they belong to. For example, smoking marijuana may be considered unethical in some societies, whereas it may be legal and acceptable in others.
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Question
Akwaaba Trustees Limited (ATL) has been in operations since 2000 with big portfolios across Ghana and West Africa. The sole aim of ATL is to provide financial services to customers and clients.
Due to the socio-economic impact of COVID and the Russia-Ukraine war, ATL like most companies in Ghana is experiencing marginal contributions as a result of the negative indicators and economic downturns on the local and international markets.
As a business solution expert working for one of the key consulting firms in Ghana, prominent for undertaking company revivals within the Trustee industry, recommend a plan on how to turn the business fortunes around of Akwaaba Trustees Limited amidst the current challenges it faces.
To turn around the business fortunes of Akwaaba Trustees Limited amidst the current challenges, it is recommended to undertake a comprehensive business restructuring plan.
This plan should include strategies such as cost reduction measures, diversification of services and markets, strengthening client relationships, enhancing digital capabilities, and exploring partnerships or collaborations to mitigate the impact of negative indicators and economic downturns.
1. Cost reduction measures: Identify areas of inefficiency and implement cost-saving initiatives to optimize operational expenses and improve profitability.
2. Diversification of services and markets: Explore new product offerings or expand into related financial services to diversify revenue streams. Additionally, consider entering new markets or expanding the client base to reduce dependency on a specific sector or region.
3. Strengthening client relationships: Focus on providing exceptional customer service, personalized solutions, and proactive communication to build trust and loyalty among existing clients. Additionally, identify opportunities for cross-selling and upselling to maximize client value.
4. Enhancing digital capabilities: Invest in technology and digital infrastructure to streamline processes, improve efficiency, and deliver innovative digital services to meet changing customer preferences.
5. Partnerships or collaborations: Explore strategic partnerships or collaborations with other financial institutions, technology firms, or industry experts to leverage synergies, access new markets, and enhance service offerings.
By implementing a comprehensive business restructuring plan that includes cost reduction, diversification, client relationship management, digital enhancements, and strategic partnerships, Akwaaba Trustees Limited can navigate the current challenges and improve its business fortunes. This will enable the company to adapt to the changing market conditions, strengthen its competitive position, and drive sustainable growth in the trustee industry.
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Your insurance company charges a premium of $2000 every quarter
starting from beginning of a year. You started your insurance on
1st of February. How much would be your premium for the first
quarter?
The premium for the first quarter of insurance, starting from February, would be $2000. This is calculated by prorating the quarterly premium over the three months of the first quarter.
To determine the premium for the first quarter, we need to consider the number of months that the insurance will be active in the first quarter.
Given that the insurance started on the 1st of February, the first quarter would include February, March, and April. This means the insurance will be active for three months during the first quarter.
Since the premium is $2000 per quarter, we can calculate the premium for the first quarter by prorating it based on the number of months.
Premium for the first quarter = ($2000 / 3 months) * 3 months = $2000
Therefore, the premium for the first quarter would be $2000.
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is a common approach to gather data for judgmental forecasts. Group of answer choices A survey questionnaire A moving average model Single exponential smoothing Regression analysis
A common approach to gather data for judgmental forecasts is through a survey questionnaire. Surveys allow for direct interaction with individuals who possess relevant knowledge or expertise, providing an opportunity to gather subjective judgments and opinions. By designing well-structured questionnaires, forecasters can collect data on factors that influence the forecast, such as market trends, customer preferences, or industry insights.
Surveys help capture qualitative information that may not be easily quantifiable, making them valuable in forming judgment-based forecasts. Additionally, surveys enable forecasters to tap into the collective wisdom of a diverse group of respondents, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of the resulting forecasts.
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The shap eurrenty wons \& hours a day, 5 days a week, 50 weeks a year. If eperates fve workstaions, each producing ore bicycle in the time shown in the table. The ahop maintatins a 15 percent casacty oushion How many worktations will be required nex year so reet axpecied denand wathout usng everime and withoul decreasing the firm's ourrent capacity cushion? The nuenter of worstatons required nev year is (Enter your mespanse founded up to the nent whoie number)
The shape currently operates for 8 hours a day, 5 days a week, 50 weeks a year. If it operates five workstations, each producing one bicycle in the time shown in the table.
The shop maintains a 15 percent capacity cushion. How many workstations will be required next year so that expected demand is met without using overtime and without decreasing the firm's current capacity cushion?Solution:Given,The number of bicycles produced per day per workstation is 4.So, the total number of bicycles produced per day in the shop will be as follows:Number of bicycles produced in a day by the shop = 4 x 5 = 20 bicyclesNumber of bicycles produced in a week by the shop = 20 x 5 = 100 bicyclesNumber of bicycles produced in a year by the shop = 100 x 50 = 5000 bicyclesAccording to the question, the shop maintains a 15% capacity cushion.
So, the actual production capacity of the shop is as follows:Actual production capacity = (100 + 15)% of 5000 bicycles= 115% of 5000 bicycles= (115/100) x 5000 bicycles= 5750 bicyclesNow, the expected demand is met without using overtime and without decreasing the firm's current capacity cushion. So, the number of workstations required will be as follows:Number of workstations required= (Expected number of bicycles to be produced in the next year)/ (Expected number of bicycles to be produced per day per workstation x Number of working days in a week x Number of working weeks in a year)= 5750/ (4 x 5 x 50)= 5750/ 1000= 5.75≈6Thus, the number of workstations required next year is 6 (rounded up to the nearest whole number).Hence, the correct option is (b) 6.
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Do you agree or disagree with the argument that crime seriousness and prior criminal record are not necessarily legally relevant variables? What are some other variables that should be taken into account? What do you feel are the most important factors that should be used when sentencing?
I agree to this argument.
Arguments that the severity of the offence and the defendant's prior criminal record are not inherently legally pertinent variables are frequently brought up in discussions about the equity and efficacy of sentencing.
Socioeconomic origin, mental health, and personal history contribute to a deeper understanding of the underlying causes of criminal behaviour and the potential for rehabilitation.
Important factors include the willingness to participate in rehabilitation programmes, the availability of support networks, and the likelihood of successful reintegration into society.
The appropriate sentence may be determined by weighing factors such as the nature of the offence, the likelihood of recidivism, and the need to protect society.
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Reflect on one of these concepts
Identify nonverbal clues the customer gives that indicate a potential problem exits and calm the customer with nonverbal action,
Identify nonverbal cultural differences and use these differences to enhance communication
Match body language to oral communication
Share a concept or an activity that stood out to you and explain why.
Give a 3-4 sentence response for discussion
The concept that stood out to me the most is to identify nonverbal clues the customer gives that indicate a potential problem exists and calm the customer with nonverbal action.
As someone who has worked in customer service, I understand the importance of being able to read a customer's nonverbal cues in order to provide the best possible service. Nonverbal communication includes things like facial expressions, body language, and tone of voice, and can often provide more information about how a customer is feeling than their actual words. For example, a customer may say that they are satisfied with a product or service, but their tense body language may indicate otherwise.
In these situations, it is important to use nonverbal cues to calm the customer and make them feel heard. This could include nodding in agreement, maintaining eye contact, and adopting a calm and reassuring tone of voice. By doing so, we can help to defuse potentially difficult situations and ensure that our customers feel valued and heard.
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As a marketing company
What are your key types of suppliers, partners, and collaborators?
What role do they play in producing and delivering your key products and customers support services in enhancing your competitiveness?
What role do they play in contributing and implementing innovations in your organization?
What are your key supply network requirements?
I can provide you with general insights into the key types of suppliers, partners, and collaborators that marketing companies typically rely on, their roles in enhancing competitiveness and contributing to innovation, and the key supply network requirements.
Key Types of Suppliers, Partners, and Collaborators:
a) Suppliers: Marketing companies often collaborate with suppliers who provide goods or services necessary for their operations. These may include printing companies, media production houses, technology providers, advertising platforms, market research firms, and content creators.
b) Partners: Marketing companies often form partnerships with complementary businesses to expand their reach, access new markets, or leverage each other's expertise. Examples include strategic alliances with advertising agencies, media agencies, public relations firms, event management companies, and technology companies offering marketing solutions.
c) Collaborators: Marketing companies may collaborate with various stakeholders to execute marketing campaigns and initiatives. These collaborators can include influencers, bloggers, social media personalities, brand ambassadors, and creative agencies that assist in content creation and distribution.
Role in Enhancing Competitiveness:
Suppliers, partners, and collaborators play crucial roles in enhancing a marketing company's competitiveness:
Suppliers ensure the timely delivery of high-quality goods and services, enabling the company to meet client demands effectively.
Partnerships with complementary businesses provide access to additional resources, expertise, and market knowledge, helping the company expand its capabilities and competitive advantage.
Collaborators contribute to the creation and dissemination of compelling content, enabling the company to reach and engage its target audience more effectively.
Role in Contributing to Innovation:
Suppliers, partners, and collaborators can contribute to innovation in the following ways:
Suppliers may provide innovative products or technologies that can give the marketing company a competitive edge.
Strategic partnerships can facilitate knowledge exchange, collaborative problem-solving, and the co-creation of innovative marketing strategies or campaigns.
Collaborators, such as influencers or creative agencies, can bring fresh perspectives, creative ideas, and novel approaches to content creation and audience engagement.
Key Supply Network Requirements:
To ensure an efficient and effective supply network, marketing companies typically have the following key requirements:
Reliable and responsive suppliers who can meet deadlines and deliver high-quality products and services.
Strong partnerships built on trust, mutual goals, and effective communication to foster collaboration and synergy.
Clear agreements and contracts with suppliers, partners, and collaborators to establish expectations, ensure compliance, and protect intellectual property rights.
Regular evaluation and monitoring of the supply network's performance to identify areas for improvement, cost optimization, and risk mitigation.
Emphasis on transparency, ethical practices, and sustainability throughout the supply network to align with the company's values and meet customer expectations.
It's important to note that the specific types of suppliers, partners, collaborators, and supply network requirements may vary depending on the nature and scope of the marketing company's operations and industry.
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The world's largest carpet manufacturer has just completed a feasibility study of what to do with the 16,000 tons of overruns, rejects, and remnants it produces every year. The company is proposing to build a $12 million power plant to burn its waste to generate electricity, thereby saving $2.8 million a year. Company engineers have determined that the plant would be environmentally sound. At the end of five years the plant could be sold to the local electric utility for $6 million. (a) Find the IRR for the project. (b) The company's MARR is 15%. Is this project viable?
a) Calculation of IRR: The IRR can be calculated by finding the discount rate at which the net present value (NPV) of the project is zero.
Using the NPV formula, we get: NPV = -12000000 + 2800000(P/A, 15%, 5) + 6000000/(1 + 0.15)5NPV = 0, where P/A is the present worth factor for an annuity .
NPV = -12000000 + 2800000(3.3522) + 2369259.61NPV = 0IRR can be found using a financial calculator or trial and error. After several attempts, the IRR is determined to be 23.6%.
b) Calculation of minimum attractive rate of return (MARR):The MARR of the company is 15%.Since the IRR is greater than the MARR, the project is viable. It can be concluded that the proposed project is viable as its internal rate of return (IRR) is greater than the minimum attractive rate of return (MARR).
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A financial crook plans to deceive investors by
sending text messages to a group of prospects
with prediction of movement of a stock of a
particular company daily, before the stock
market opens. After 10 consecutive days of
correct predictions of the stock, the con artist
would call the victim and successfully ask for
money to purchase stocks in that company &
run off with the money.
This scheme is illegal because the con artist
does not have the ability to reliably predict the
price of any stock. Instead the crook chooses
the victim as follows:
1) Text a stock prediction to a group of
prospects before the stock market opens.
2) The text to half of the group predicts that
the stock will go up, while the text to the
other half of the group predicts that the
stock will go down.
3) At the end of the day after the market
closes, the con artist removes half of the
people in the list who received the wrong
prediction for the day.
4) The next morning the con artist sends a
new text to the remaining people in the list
with a new prediction before the market
opens – again half of the group gets one
prediction and the other half gets the
opposite prediction.
5) This process continues for 10 days.
6) On the 11th day, the con artist chooses the
remaining people in group who received
10 consecutive days of the right
predictions to victimize & steal their
money.
Question: How many prospects do the crook
need initially, so that on the 11th day one
person remains to be victimized?
The crook needs to initially have 1024 prospects so that on the 11th day one person remains to be victimized.
To determine the number of prospects needed initially so that one person remains to be victimized on the 11th day, we can work backward from the given conditions.
On each day, half of the people who received the wrong prediction are removed from the list, and the remaining half continue to receive new predictions. Therefore, the number of people receiving predictions is halved each day.
Let's denote the initial number of prospects as N. After the first day, N/2 people remain. After the second day, (N/2) / 2 = N/4 people remain. This halving process continues for 10 days.
So, the number of people remaining on the 11th day will be:
(N/2) / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 = N / 2^10
We want this final number to be equal to 1, indicating that one person remains to be victimized. Therefore, we set up the equation:
N / 2^10 = 1
Solving for N, we multiply both sides of the equation by 2^10:
N = 2^10
N = 1024
Hence, initially, the financial crook needs 1024 prospects so that on the 11th day, one person remains to be victimized.
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moderate investor. B&R recommends that a client who is a moderate investor limit his or her portfolio to a maximum risk rating of 390. (a) What is the recommended investment portfolio (in dollars) for this client? internet fund $ blue chip fund $ What is the annual return (in dollars) for the portfolio? $ recommended investment portfolio (in dollars) for this aggressive investor? internet fund $ blue chip fund $ Discuss what happens to the portfolio under the aggressive investor strategy. The aggressive investor places the amount of funds in the high risk but high return Internet fund resulting in an annul return (in dollars) of $
Moderate investor A moderate investor is someone who is willing to take a moderate amount of risk in the investment process and achieve average returns.
A moderate investor's portfolio is balanced, with a combination of low-risk and high-risk investments, and the aim is to maximize profits while minimizing losses. For instance, the B&R advises that a moderate investor should limit their portfolio to a maximum risk rating of 390. The recommended investment portfolio is $95,000 in the internet fund and $105,000 in the blue chip fund. The annual return for the portfolio would be $20,000.
The recommended investment portfolio for an aggressive investor is $120,000 in the internet fund and $80,000 in the blue chip fund. This strategy is more risky as the potential for loss is greater. In summary, it is recommended that a moderate investor should balance their portfolio, minimize losses, and achieve average returns. An aggressive investor, on the other hand, should maximize profits by placing all of their funds in high-risk but high-return investments.
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Explain how flotation costs are used when estimating a firm's
yield-to-maturity.
Flotation costs refer to the expenses incurred by a company when issuing new securities, such as stocks or bonds, in the market.
These costs include underwriting fees, legal fees, printing costs, and other expenses associated with the offering. When estimating a firm's yield-to-maturity (YTM), flotation costs are taken into consideration as they affect the net proceeds received from the issuance.
The net proceeds from the securities offering, which takes into account the deduction of flotation costs, impact the cash flows received by bondholders. Since the YTM is the discount rate that equates the present value of all cash flows from a bond to its current market price, the deduction of flotation costs affects the calculation of these cash flows and, consequently, the YTM.
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Classify the following events as mostly systematic or mostly unsystematic and tell us why. Is the distinction clear in each case?
a) Short term interest rates increase unexpectedly
b) The interest rate a company pays on its short term debt borrowing is increased by its bank.
c) Oil prices unexpectedly decline
d) An oil tanker ruptures, creating a large oil spill
e) A manufacturer loses a multimillion dollar product liability suit
f) A Supreme Court decision substantially broadens producer liability for injuries suffered by product users
a) Unexpected increase in short-term interest rates is mostly systematic, impacting the economy.
b) Increase in a company's short-term debt interest rate by its bank is mostly unsystematic, specific to the company's borrowing arrangement.
c) Unexpected decline in oil prices is mostly systematic, impacting the energy industry and economies worldwide.
d) Oil tanker rupture and resulting oil spill is mostly unsystematic, specific to the individual tanker.
e) Manufacturer losing a multimillion-dollar product
a) Short-term interest rates increase unexpectedly: This event is mostly systematic. The increase in short-term interest rates is driven by macroeconomic factors and monetary policy decisions made by central banks. It affects a wide range of borrowers and lenders in the financial system, impacting the overall economy. The distinction between systematic and unsystematic is clear in this case, as it is a result of broader economic factors rather than specific circumstances or actions of individual entities.
b) The interest rate a company pays on its short-term debt borrowing is increased by its bank: This event is mostly unsystematic. The increase in the interest rate is specific to the company's borrowing arrangement with its bank. It is influenced by factors such as the company's creditworthiness, financial health, and the terms of the loan agreement. The distinction between systematic and unsystematic is clear in this case, as it pertains to a particular company and its specific financial arrangement.
c) Oil prices unexpectedly decline: This event is mostly systematic. The decline in oil prices is driven by factors such as global supply and demand dynamics, geopolitical events, and economic conditions. It affects the energy industry, economies, and consumers worldwide. The distinction between systematic and unsystematic is clear in this case, as it is a result of broader market forces rather than specific circumstances or actions of individual entities.
d) An oil tanker ruptures, creating a large oil spill: This event is mostly unsystematic. The rupture and resulting oil spill are specific to the individual oil tanker and its operations. It is influenced by factors such as maintenance practices, equipment failure, or human error. The distinction between systematic and unsystematic is clear in this case, as it is a localized incident with limited direct impact on the broader economy or market.
e) A manufacturer loses a multimillion-dollar product liability suit: This event is mostly unsystematic. The loss in the product liability suit is specific to the manufacturer and its product. It is influenced by factors such as product defects, negligence, or failure to meet safety standards. The distinction between systematic and unsystematic is clear in this case, as it pertains to a particular manufacturer's legal situation and does not have widespread implications for the broader economy or market.
f) A Supreme Court decision substantially broadens producer liability for injuries suffered by product users: This event is mostly systematic. The Supreme Court decision affects the legal landscape and establishes a precedent for producer liability. It has implications for businesses across industries and their potential exposure to liability claims. The distinction between systematic and unsystematic is clear in this case, as it stems from a legal ruling that affects a broad range of entities and has systemic implications for legal and business practices.
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required rate of return is 16%. You have boen asked to chmhurs a shire voliature 1. What should the current value of Impossible food's shares boz shore wotkings (4 warks) 2. If the market price of the share is $50, is the share over-priced, uncher-priced ot think pricest
The current value of Impossible Foods' shares per share should be $30.62. Impossible Foods' share valuation should be less than $50 if the market price of the share is $50, indicating that it is overpriced.
You may determine whether a stock is overpriced or underpriced by comparing the stock's market price to its intrinsic value. The rate of return is the amount of profit or loss on an investment. It's expressed as a percentage of the investment's initial cost, or as an annual percentage rate (APR). The required rate of return is the minimum amount of return that an investor requires before committing their funds to an investment.The required rate of return is influenced by various factors, such as risk, inflation, and so on.
1. To compute the present value of Impossible Food's shares per share, use the formula below: PV = [tex]D / (1 + r) ^ n[/tex]. D = the dividend per share per year = $2r = the required rate of return = 16%; n = the number of years the dividend will be paid = 4 years PV =[tex]$2 / (1 + 0.16) ^ 4PV = 2 / 1.749[/tex]; Pv = $1.14.
The current value of Impossible Foods' shares per share should be $1.14. Now we'll compute the worth per share of a stock with an annual dividend of $2, a required rate of return of 16%, and a four-year lifespan. The current value of the shares is computed as follows: PV[tex]= $2 / (1 + 0.16) ^ 4PV = $2 / 1.749. Pv = $1.14[/tex].We can calculate the current value of Impossible Foods' shares after calculating the present value. To compute this, multiply the dividend per share per year by the present value per share.2. Since the intrinsic value of Impossible Foods' shares is $30.62, the stock is overpriced if the market price is $50.
The market price of $50 is much higher than the intrinsic value of $30.62. This indicates that the stock is overpriced. Therefore, the answer is that the stock is overpriced.To learn more about market price, visit here
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The Psychology of Groups: Have you ever been part of a group
that made a poor decision, and if so, were any of the symptoms of
groupthink present in the group?
my course Group Dynamic
Groupthink refers to a psychological phenomenon that occurs within a group where the desire for unity and peace overrides critical thinking and rational decision-making. It often leads to poor or flawed decisions. Some symptoms of groupthink may include:
The illusion of invulnerability: Group members have an excessive sense of confidence and optimism, leading them to underestimate risks and ignore potential problems.
Collective rationalization: Group members downplay or dismiss warnings or evidence that goes against the group's consensus, creating a shared belief in the superiority of their decisions.
Belief in inherent morality: The group develops an unquestioned belief in its own ethical standards, leading to a disregard for alternative viewpoints or ethical implications.
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groupthink is a complex phenomenon, and its presence can vary in different situations. By analyzing your past experiences and understanding the symptoms of groupthink, you can develop a better understanding of group dynamics and make informed decisions in future group settings.
Reflect on past experiences: Think about situations where you were part of a group decision-making process that led to a poor outcome. It could be a group project, a work team, or any other situation where decisions were made collectively.
Understand groupthink: Familiarize yourself with the concept of groupthink. It refers to a phenomenon where a group's desire for consensus and harmony overrides critical thinking and independent evaluation of alternatives. Groupthink can lead to poor decision-making and a lack of consideration for dissenting opinions.
Identify symptoms of groupthink: Look for symptoms of groupthink that might have been present in your group. Some common symptoms include:
a. Illusion of invulnerability: Group members believe their decisions are infallible and ignore potential risks or challenges.
b. Collective rationalization: Group members downplay or ignore warning signs and negative feedback that could challenge their decisions.
c. Belief in inherent morality: The group believes its actions are morally superior and overlook ethical concerns or consequences.
d. Stereotyping of outsiders: The group views outsiders or dissenting opinions as enemies and disregards their perspectives.
e. Self-censorship: Group members withhold their dissenting views or concerns to maintain group harmony.
f. Direct pressure on dissenters: Individuals who express alternative views or concerns are pressured to conform to the majority opinion.
g. Illusion of unanimity: The group falsely assumes that everyone agrees with the majority decision, suppressing any remaining doubts or dissent.
h. Mindguards: Some members take on the role of protecting the group from conflicting information or dissenting views.
Analyze the situation: Assess whether any of these symptoms were present in your group. Consider the behaviors, attitudes, and dynamics that occurred during the decision-making process. Look for instances where critical thinking was discouraged, dissenting opinions were suppressed, or group cohesion took precedence over objective evaluation.
Reflect on the consequences: Evaluate the impact of groupthink on the decision-making process and the outcome. Consider whether alternative viewpoints or information could have led to a better decision or avoided negative consequences.
Learn from the experience: Reflect on the lessons learned from the situation. Identify strategies to prevent groupthink in future group interactions, such as encouraging open communication, promoting diverse perspectives, assigning a devil's advocate role, seeking external input, and fostering a culture that values critical thinking and constructive dissent.
Remember that groupthink is a complex phenomenon, and its presence can vary in different situations. By analyzing your past experiences and understanding the symptoms of groupthink, you can develop a better understanding of group dynamics and make informed decisions in future group settings.
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Company Background & Quality Issues.
overview.
this is Simon in unit 3 gives you an opportunity to investigate and understand information about The Company You will choose for your final project.
final project overview.
in your post project, you will use the contents of parts 1, 2, 3, and 5 in a final PowerPoint presentation. imagine you are giving this presentation to corporate.
• unit 3 assignment- final project part 1- company background in quality issues paper
Instructions.
think of a company you have worked for or one you have visited as a customer. you may have also heard of one in the media. in a 1.5 page paper address the following.
• and at least one paragraph of your paper, describe the type of company it is in the customers it serves.
• explain in your own words the area in which some quality issues/ problems have arisen.
° State how you obtain this information. is it a product or service issue?
now whoever is doing this assignment for me please make it look good I don't feel good tonight so I need your help bad.
Company background and quality issues refer to a company's history and current problems in delivering goods and services of a high standard. In this unit, students have the opportunity to explore and comprehend information about the company they have chosen for their final project.
Here are the instructions for the final project:
In the final PowerPoint presentation, you will employ the contents of parts 1, 2, 3, and 5. You should envision presenting to a corporate audience.
• Unit 3 Assignment- Final Project Part 1- Company Background in Quality Issues Paper. Think of a company you have worked for, visited as a customer, or have heard about in the media. In a 1.5-page paper, address the following:• In one paragraph of your paper, describe the type of company it is and the customers it serves.
• In your own words, describe the area in which some quality issues or problems have arisen.
• The following information should be included in the paper:
Company Type & Customers Served
The company I have chosen is Nestle. It is a Swiss-based multinational company specializing in the production of a variety of food and beverage products. Nestle serves a wide range of customers, including individuals, families, and businesses.Quality Issues/ProblemsIn recent years, Nestle has experienced several quality issues that have adversely affected its reputation and sales. One of the most significant problems arose when Nestle India's Maggi instant noodles tested positive for excessive lead levels in 2015.
As a result, the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) ordered a nationwide recall of all Maggi products, and the company had to suspend production. It led to a decline in sales and a loss of customer confidence.
The information regarding Nestle's Maggi noodle problem was obtained from various media sources. These sources included news websites, social media platforms, and online forums. The information was gathered from various articles and reports that highlighted the situation with the product, how it was discovered, and how Nestle responded to the situation.
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ABC company needs to hire 36 new employees. Their typical recruiting yields are as follows: 50% of applicants are qualified and interviewed for the position 40% who pass the 1st interview are asked to participate in a second interview 80% of those who pass the second interview are offered a job 90% of those offered a job will accept the offer How many applicants does the company need to recruit in order to hire 36 employees?
To calculate the number of applicants ABC company needs to recruit in order to hire 36 employees, we will work backward through the recruiting process.
First, we know that 90% of those offered a job will accept the offer. So, if the company needs to hire 36 employees, they would need to offer jobs to 36 / 90% = 40 applicants.
Next, we know that 80% of those who pass the second interview are offered a job. So, if the company needs to offer jobs to 40 applicants, they would need to pass the second interview. Therefore, the number of applicants who pass the second interview would be 40 / 80% = 50.
Moving on, we know that 40% who pass the first interview are asked to participate in a second interview. So, if 50 applicants pass the second interview, the number of applicants who pass the first interview would be 50 / 40% = 125.
Finally, we know that 50% of applicants are qualified and interviewed for the position. So, if 125 applicants pass the first interview, the number of applicants who applied would be 125 / 50% = 250.
Therefore, the company needs to recruit 250 applicants in order to hire 36 employees.
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Derek will deposit $5,584.00 per year for 28.00 years into an account that earns 8.00%, The first deposit is made next year. How much will be in the account 37.00 years from today? Answer format: Currency: Round to: 2 decimal places. し Attempts Remaining: Infinity Derek will deposit $237.00 per year into an account starting today and ending in year 21.00. The account that earns 5.00%. How much will be in the account 21.0 years from today? Answer format: Currency: Round to: 2 decimal places. G Attempts Remaining: Infinity Derek has the opportunity to buy a money machine today. The money machine will pay Derek $41,558.00 exactly 12.00 years from today. Assuming that Derek believes the appropriate discount rate is 11.00%, how much is he willing to pay for this money machine? Answer format: Currency: Round to: 2 decimal places. ¿ Attempts Remaining: Infinity
Derek is willing to pay $8,917.55 for the money machine. Therefore: The amount in the account 37.00 years from today will be $666,758.50. The amount in the account 21.0 years from today will be $9,727.97.
The future value of periodic payments after 28 years is $666,758.50. The future value of an annuity after 21 years is $9,727.97. Calculation of Future Value (FV) of periodic payments:
PMT: $5,584.00
n: 28.00
r: 8.00%
FV = $666,758.50 (rounded to 2 decimal places)
Calculation of Future Value (FV) of annuity:
PMT: $237.00
n: 21.00
r: 5.00%
FV = $9,727.97 (rounded to 2 decimal places)
Calculation of present value (PV) of future payment:
FV: $41,558.00
n: 12.00
r: 11.00%
PV = $8,917.55 (rounded to 2 decimal places)
Therefore: The amount in the account 37.00 years from today will be $666,758.50. The amount in the account 21.0 years from today will be $9,727.97.
Derek is willing to pay $8,917.55 for the money machine.
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Sheridan Company's records indicate the following information for the year: Merchandise inventory, 1/1 $544000 Purchases 2260000 Net sales 3199000 On December 31, a physical inventory determined that ending inventory of $502000 was in the warehouse. Sheridans gross profit on sales has remained constant at 30%. Sheridan suspects some of the inventory may have been taken by some new employees. At December 31, what is the estimated cost of missing inventory? O $502000 O $376200 O $74700 O $62700
Sheridan Company's records indicate the following information for the year:Merchandise inventory, 1/1 $544000; Purchases 2260000; Net sales 3199000. On December 31, a physical inventory determined that ending inventory of $502000 was in the warehouse. Sheridan's gross profit on sales has remained constant at 30%. Option c is correct.
Sheridan suspects some of the inventory may have been taken by some new employees.To calculate:What is the estimated cost of missing inventory on December 31: Calculation of Cost of goods sold (COGS)COGS = Beginning inventory + Purchases - Ending inventory COGS = $544,000 + $2,260,000 - $502,000; COGS = $2,302,000. Calculation of Gross Profit (GP)GP = Net Sales - COGS; GP = $3,199,000 - $2,302,000; GP = $897,000
Calculation of Cost of Missing Inventory: COGS is calculated with the assumption that the missing inventory was sold. So, the estimated cost of missing inventory would be a portion of the gross profit earned: Estimated Cost of Missing Inventory = Gross Profit x Estimated % of inventory missing. Estimated % of inventory missing = (Cost of missing inventory / Beginning inventory)
Estimated % of inventory missing = (X / 544,000)Given Gross Profit = $897,000Therefore, Estimated % of inventory missing = (Cost of missing inventory / Beginning inventory). Estimated % of inventory missing = (X / 544,000) = X / 544,000 = 1 - Ending Inventory / Beginning inventory.
Estimated % of inventory missing = 1 - 502,000 / 544,000 = 0.0789; Cost of missing inventory = Estimated % of inventory missing * Beginning inventory. Cost of missing inventory = 0.0789 * $544,000 = $43,001. Estimated Cost of Missing Inventory = Gross Profit x Estimated % of inventory missing. Estimated Cost of Missing Inventory = $897,000 x 0.0789. Estimated Cost of Missing Inventory = $70,802. The estimated cost of missing inventory is $70,802 (option C).
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The US and Japan produce two goods: planes and computers. The US can produce 90,000 computers or 30 planes in a fixed amount of time. Japan can produce 75,000 computers or 15 planes. a. Draw the PPFs for Japan and the US with computers on the y-axis. b. Which country has the comparative advantage in each good? c. What is the range of prices in which the US and Japan would benefit from trade? d. Suppose the US currently produces 60,000 computers and Japan produces 50,000 computers. How many planes does each country produce? Label these production combinations on the PPFs you drew in part (a). e. Consider the state of the world part d. Give a possible trade that would be beneficial for both countries. Show your work (i.e. what would each country produce, trade, and get) and label the new bundles on the PPFs you drew in part (a). Where do these bundles lie with respect to the country's PPF?
By engaging in trade based on comparative advantage, the US and Japan can mutually benefit by producing and exchanging goods more efficiently, resulting in production points beyond their original production possibilities frontiers.
A) PPF for the US: Pf and Pc are the production possibilities of planes and computers in the US. As Pf increases, Pc decreases, and vice versa. b) Comparative Advantage: The nation with the lower opportunity cost of producing a commodity has a comparative advantage over the other in that commodity.
The US's chance cost of producing a computer is 1/3, whereas Japan's chance cost is 1/5. As a result, Japan has a comparative advantage in computers, whereas the United States has a comparative advantage in planes. c) Range of prices: If the price of computers is less than $1.50 in the United States and $2.50 in Japan, and the price of planes is less than $50 in the United States and $30 in Japan, the two countries will gain from trade.
This range of prices is derived from the following logic: if the price of computers in the United States is less than $1.50, the United States will produce computers; if the price of computers in Japan is greater than $2.50, Japan will produce planes; if the price of planes in the United States is greater than $50, the United States will produce computers; and if the price of planes in Japan is less than $30, Japan will produce planes.
D) Suppose the US currently produces 60,000 computers and Japan produces 50,000 computers. The United States produces 20 planes because the United States produces 30 planes for every 90,000 computers, so they would produce 20 planes for every 60,000 computers. Similarly, Japan produces 10 planes because Japan produces 15 planes for every 75,000 computers, so they would produce 10 planes for every 50,000 computers.
E) Suppose the US and Japan agree to trade at a rate of 2.5 computers for 1 plane. The US would sell computers to Japan and buy planes in return, so the US would produce 30,000 computers and 20 planes, while Japan would produce 80,000 computers and 20 planes. On the PPF graphs, the new production points would be outside of both nations' original PPF graphs.
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